THE
RONAGE.
E NG L AND, An Viſtorical Account |
OF THE
| LIVE of and a Memorable AC TION S
—— — _C1 yn _ ere I EI DE Tn res
Our Engliſh N obi lity
In the SAXO NF time, tothe CO RMAN Conqueſt &- And from thence, of thoſe who had theic riſe before the end of King HENRY the Third's ws
DEDUCED
From Publick Record: Antient Ht _ and other Authorities
WILLIAM DUGDA LB Noxxror King of Arms:
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EINESS r- <4 | ken in few words, by
Cicero de IvfANTE LS? that great Orator Ci- | , Orat.202 b, "a 5 EE END cero, in commenda- ALTA; >a & =Fiky mn . i
Sug OP Y- Ex tion of Hiſtory, TE Bp BS Thatit is the Wit-
| neſs of times paſt, the Voice of Antiquity, the Light of Truth,. and the Life of Memory ; to offer more, were ſuperfluous. Moſt cortain we are, that every one, naturally, is deſirous of Know - ledges. and Experience tedtheth ws, That the
gaining thereof, is not any way better, then |
by obſerving the ſucceſs which hath attended the AGions of other Men, |
Ailred, an. old Monk of Rievaulx (who lived in the time of King Stephen, ad Henry the Second) in his Preface to the Hiſtory of King Edward the Confeſſors life, tells ws, , That, by. Recording the Lives and Adti- .ons of the Good, thoſe who come after, have encouragement to imitate their Ver- tues 3 and, that nothing more inciteth the mind of Man, toanemulation of others, then to hear the report of their noble Atchievements z conceiving, that by doing the like, they may reap the like benefit.
{t is ſaid of Demetrius Phalarzus, that
- Ailred. Rie- yal. col # 369. N,30,
| Laert, lib,
' 6ap,ſv Fe adviſed King Ptolomy, to provide him- - ſelf of Books touching his Kingdom, and
ſuch as did Treat of _—_ Atjons, to the
end, that therein he might read what his
Friends durſt not admoniſh him of, And that
—_— when Alphonſus, King of Aragon, lay ſick Alotuaks. at Capua, rezding the famous AGs of Alex-
ander the Great, written by Quintus Curtius, he grew ſo much pleaſed therewith, that, upon his recovery, be ſaid, Farewel Avicen, fare- wel Hippocrates, and all other Phyſitians 3 and long live Snintws Curtizs, the Reſtozgr of my Heakt!:.
ready written, are large and numerous; nor hath there been a' negle@ to preſerve the me-
ory of others, though of inferior rank, who |
have been famous in their times; it being, ac- counted a generows diſpoſition in all Men, to endeavor to know whence their Forefathers Tere, For, beſides what wefind of ſuch, diſ- ——_ perſedly occnrring in oar Publick Hiſtories
"PREFACE.
CdS Sets
—
of what relates to Kings, and Soucraign Princes, the Volitmer,, which have been al-|
and Annals : Divers there are, of mLom 4 particalar account hath been given, as to their Marriages and Iſſue. For inſtance, of ſome {mpr, Parift great Families in Beraigne by Auguſtine **'*'9 du Paz : Of the Honſes of Chaſtillon, Gui- nes, Ardres, azd many other, by Andrev/ du Cheſne : And of ours in this Realm, by the Learned and Judicizs Robert Glover, long ſunce Somerſet Herald (in initation of Claude Paradine þrs Alliances * Genealo- 7
Imp, Paril.
1621,
117p7,
Lugd, A gicks) which with great exa@neſs being per- we. formed, was afterwards made Aublick b by bImpr.
Thomas Mills, bis near Kinſman and Exe- L914. As: ciuttor, | wL9y The like alſo of the Marriages aud Iſſue of the Nobility of England, with-ſome Hiſtor;- cal Notes, did Ralph Brook , ſometime Bork Herald, accompliſh in An. 1619, af- terwards Reprinted with Corre@ions (1 wiſh I could not ſay with too ſharp and ſevere Re- fle@ons) by Augyſtine Vincent; at thet tirre CUindſ[oze Herald ; who, in his Epiſtle De» dicatory to the then Earl of Arundel 4nd Surrep, E«r! Marſhal of England , i»ti- mates his purpoſe of ſomewhat touthing The Baronage of England, and lives of ſuch, as had been Companions of the moſt No- ble Order of the Garter : For the eſe ing whereof, he*had no ſmall advantage by his free acceſs to the Publick Recordrin the Tower of L onagn, being then a Clerk in that apce : though, what progreſs he made in either of | theſe, I never yet ſaw. of the Right Noble and Antient Family of | . , Berkley of Berklep Caſtle in Com. Gloc. (3 | there hath that been done, in an Hiſtorical Ix way, by the ſpecial Induſtry of a worthy Gen- | tleman ©, lately deceaſed, which I heartily F S >a1:0 wiſl) may be a Pattern for ſome others to fol- hs w, low, it being faithfully extraGed; partly ont of Publick Record*, and partly fron the great maſs of antient Charters, and other 1M: mori- als ſtill remaining in Berklep Caſtle, 1 muſt Ingenuouſly ad knowledge . that I had not 4ny thoughts of attempting this Work, here made publick,, until (by God Almighties diſpoſal) attending the late King Chatles the | Firſt (of Bleſſed Memory) in is Gariſon at Drfoz, according to the duty of my place 3 and continuing in his ſervice there, from the beginning of November, An. 1642. until the end of Fane, 1645. 'F had both leifure and oppertunity of peruſing many excellent
_ _ Lond, An} IG22,
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THE PREFACE.
the Famogs Bodleian Library, and ſundry Colleders theres whence having-gathered 8 large (th, of fit matcria's in order to ſuch a Work, Ierew encouraged to proceed farther; and therenpop, betock, my ſelf to 4 diligent ſearch into thdſe 01d Records in the Tower of London, office of the Rolls, Exchequer, and ſundry other publick places, Next into that incomparable Treaſary of moſt antient and choice Marinſcripts 5 which the late Right
Worthy Sir Robert Cotton Baronet, had, in"
bis time, happily get together : And after that, into divers other, no leſs eſtimable which, with mich charge, had bccn gained by the Right Honorable the Late Lord Hatton; and by his eſpecial f avor freely communicated to me; likewiſe into that elaborate Colle@10n from the Pipe-Rolls wade. by Mr. Roger Dodſworth, (»:y late deceaſed Friend) and into ſunary olker, whercunto my Puotations do refer ; Amongſt which, thoſc of 1he before ſpecified Robert Glover, formerly Somerlet Herald , ( moſt opportunely acquired from ſeveral bands, - wherein they lay obſcured )
were not the ltaſt,
A tash, (indeed) of ſuch importance and weight (for ſo, at length, I found it to be) that though I had thus fitted my ſelf with materials conducing thereto, T could hardly be pcrſwaded to undertake. But conſodering at laſt, that theſe my Colle@3ons, which had been no ſmall charge and pains to me, Were not like to be of ſuch uſe to thoſe, unto whoſe hands, they might hereafter come, as to my ſelf 5, I reſolved to put them in order, and to begin the Work.
As toits Title, The Baronageof ENG- EAND:; ſome perhaps may deubt , whe: ther it be ſuitable and proper to it; by reaſon it contains all other ſuperior Dignities, from a Baron to a Duke. 7: [uſtve. It is therc- fore to..be noted, That all thoſe Degrees were antiently comprebenaed under that appel/a- tron; and. that this Firſt V'olume relates onl y to ſuch of the Earls, and therr Deſcendants, as had their firſt Advancements, before the end of King Henry the Thirds Reign 5 and to all others, who held their Honors or Ba- ronies by Tenure, as aniiently. The ſecond,to
— Cc. ———— —
. Hitt -4 AManuſcrips, choicely preſerved in |
local, as from their cheif places of reſidence 3 of later times they are become meerly Titular : The Earls, and thoſe of ſuperior Degrees , having, for the moſt part, nothing to do in thoſe Connties or Places ; nor ſome of the Ba- rons, but take their Titles of Honor atcoraing to their, own fancy 5 ſometimes of Places, whereof they are not owners ; and ſometimes of an old extin# Family, whereunto they and not at all allied.
And, though we dave little from our Pub- lick, Records, relating to thoſe eminent Per- ſons, who had uſually the title of Earls (and ſometimes in their Military capacity of Dukes) before the Norman Conqueſt : Tet, have I taken netice of them, from ſuch of our ol4 Hittorians, who hawe made any mention of their memorable Ations; which (indeed) is but very little, by reaſon that Literature was, 1n thoſe days, at a low ebb; in regard of the
frequent Wars and Troubles, which the Saxon
Kings hl oe with another, and in defend- ing themſelves from thoſe Pagan Danes 3 who," making ſo many invaſions upon them, by the ſpace of ſome hundreds of years , burnt
—
—_———— -———_
thoje, whoſe Original ht been (viz. of Earls
by Creation, and Barons by Summons to
Parlianzent ) before the Fleventh year of King |
Richard the Second's Rergn. And the third, to thoſe and their poſterit 'y, who have had their Creations by Patcrit (as moſt Barons bad) orby Writ of Summons from that time (viz. 11 Rich, 2.) 14 this preſent age z. the Duke, Marquelles, and Vilcounts, being herein lik: wiſeincluded, and reſerved to their proper times and places, |
J
As aljo Io ovjeruve. That whercas anticntly
the Titles of both Eatls and Barons were
a
|
|
ana deſtroyed their cheifeſt Monaſteries , wherein, whatſoever they had of Hiitorical, or other Learning, was choitely preſerved.
Certainitis, that, under thoſe Kings, there were ſome, who had the Title of Thanes; a Dignity equal to that of Baron, after the Conquestz though of theſe (and bat fewnei- ther ) farther then meerly their Names, is there much ( for the Reaſons before noted) to be found. But, after Duke William of Nor- mandy, had, by his Conqueit here, obtained the Crown of this Realm, making a general . diſtribution of the greates$t part thereof, a- mongit his Friends and Followers; he ad- vanced ſome of them to the Dignity and Title * of Earls, others to that.of Barons 5 as our old Poet, Robert of Gioceſter taketh no- tice.
Zut Ring William then therefoze , a-
bouten a two peere, Went ayen to Normandy, from whence
be comere z As tn the furſt yeer, that be fang this IRingdome 3 Ind ſone apen tg Englonde, on Sepnt Nicholas dap become : And Rnygtes of bepond the See, and Other Wen alſo, Þe gabe hem londes in Englonde, that be Iygtlp come to. | And put her Epzes holdeth on [onde many 0on, ; {nd diſherede kynde Wen, that be belde bisfoon. © The molt deel of hege Ben, that: in Englonde ben, Been come of Normans, ag pe now ſeen. - &c, Any
THE. PREFACE
And Erles and Barons, that be made
here alſo; Though that thei come-noght with good
+ ryat thereto.
Of thoſe Earls which were before the Nor- man Congqueit, and for ſome time after, it is obſervable , That they were not Titular, but Offictary, that is to ſay, in the nature of Vice- Roys or Lieutenants to the King, 3» their reſpeFive Counties their cheif reſidence, being, for the moſt part , in the Principal Town of the Shire, whereupon they had, vul- garly, their Denomination from thence, Like- wiſe, that though the antient Earls of Suller, bad their Seat at Arundel Caſtle, and for that reaſon were commonly called Earls of Arundel ; there is nothing more certain, then that they were Earls of that County ; as Ferrers was of Derbilhire , though ſome- times called Earl of Tutbury, in regard that Tutbury Caitle (in Staffozdſhire) was his cheif Seat, And Gilbert Strong- bow, Earl of Pembzoke, #hongh ſomtimes called Earl of S'riguil. by reaſon that be
had his_cherf reſidence at Striguil Caſtile, | | the Germans, -fenified Vir; det," a Man,
by
Warwici 3 & de quo pra'deceſlores ut, Comites Warwici-ſelliti fucrunt, tanquam
ad eos pertinente, nomine Comitatus Warwict. And, that this was the meaning —. of that Precept to the Sheriff ( which bears
date at Tewksburp., 24 Martii; 27 Hen.3.)
viz. That he ſhould thereby be veſted with
the Earldom, may ſcem, from what an old Annaliſt » addeth tothe mention of making bMS. in this Thomas Knight, at Whitſontide (the TOY King then ſolemniſing that Feſizual at G[0+ (Caur,) £ ceſter)) with Roger Bigod, and Hugh de 5»* Vere (the one Earl of JNogzfolk, the other of Drfozd ) ſcil, Willielm, Longeſpe accin-
gitur gladio milicari, ſed non fit Comes
Sarum, But 4s to the original of this Title
of Earl, the Form of a dds, Creation,
Releifs., &c. conſidering that our great Sel-
. ” cTit. of den<, hath ſo accurately and learnedly diſ- * Pda. OY" courſed thereon, I jhall ſay no more. 2, cap.5.
Touching the Title of Baron, as it hath been, here antiently ujed and underſtood however ſdme have made ſundry ghefſes at the Etymology of the word, which originally, with
on 32 a0 0g ne reretts Ih
near The"ttow:7 ike. Furthermore, that theſe Officiary Earls uſually fate in the County Court as Judges ; moſt matters of moment being then determined before them; and Fines not ſeldom levied, as * Orig. Ju- T have elſwhere * ſhewed, on +3 Avrto the form and manner of advancing ſach to the Title and Dignity of Earls, who were ſo houored in thoſe days ;, it was not al- ways alike. Some there were, thongh not
s e®”
many, who had the ſame conferred upon them |
by Charter of which, Geffrey Mandevill,
| Earl of Eex, by Maud the Empreſs, was the hes rw firſt *, whereof there is now remaining any Cononiang, 4#thentick teſtimony 5 the reſt, for the moſt Videſis Tir. part, being inveſted with that Honor , per of Honovby CinAturam Cingulo Comitatus. . Vhereup-
, Seide SPY. hes... us on, the Sheriff had command to make Livery 5.0.7, unto them of the Tertium Denarium de
-placitis Comitatus , ut fit inde Comes, (4s were uſually the words of the Precept ) — The third penny. of the Pleas of the County, that thereupon he might be Earl thereof, that -is * to ſay, Of the Fines, and Foreiu Emoluments, which antiently belonged to the Earl, the King having the other two parts, accerding to the Laws of King Edward
the Confeſſor , viz. Rex habebit C*'*", & Con(ul Comitatus L*, quitertium habebit Denarium de Forisfatturis. For certain it
. 3s, that until he had the Livery of the Ter-
tium Denarium, he was not fully inveſted with the Earldom 5' as by this inſtance (a-
Clauſ, wnorgft many) is evident, viz, * Rex cinxit Thomam de Warwic cingulo Comitatus Warwic 3 & mandatum eſt Vicecomit1
Warw. quod eidem Comiti habere faciat,
..3 Gloſl.
Spelm, Vo- cd, Dena- r1Uus tertiue,
id quod habere debet .nomine Comits
| tary ſervice in Capite, by one general $umt-
Platn it is, that with us, it meanath a Free- man , or rather a Freeholder 3 wherenpox thoſe, who were the Kings cbeif Tenants, 1d eſt, hzs principal Freeholders had the title of Barones Majores. And, as they thus holding of the King in Capite, by Barony, were called his Barons : $0 had moſt of the great Earls, in thoſe eltey times, their great Freeholders wnder them”, whom they alſo called Barons; as s« evident by their Char- ters , wherein they uſually wrote Omnibus Baronibus ſuis, tam Francis quam Angli- cis, &c. So likewiſe inferior Lords of Man- nors, their Curia Baronum (not Curia Ba- ronis, 4s is now the uſual Title of the Court Roll) 1d eſt, The Court of their Free- holders, who were aiitiently Homagers to them, as the Kings were to him : Whereupon the Jurors in ſuch Conrts, are to this day, int many places, called The Homage.
And, as theſe great Tenants to the Kixz," ( who had their Titles ſrom their principal Seats or Heads of their Baronies) were called his Barones Majores 3 ſo were his other Tenants ( or Freeho:ders ) who held of him _ by Military ſervice in Capite, termed Ba- rones Minores. Of which two ſorts of -Te- nants, together with the Biſhops and Earls, the Parliaments of this Realm, did antient- ly conſiſt, as I have elſwhere 4 ſbewed ; only 4 Orig. Ju» the Barones Majores had Summons by ſeve- NS ral Writs ; andthe other, who held by Mili-
F S -, * A / wy
mons from the Sheriff in each County.
Which Tenants in Capite, caſed Barones Minores, did come to_ Parliament 14 43 Hen.3. for moſt evident it ir,from what 1
have inſtanted it ſundry places of this To, PET | that
THE PREFACE. .
_ emily felt (as it is plain they then were) by
from the Kine, it might be recovered again Jrom then, y
; 49 IT. 3» ( 32 carlo,
eg Revit. F- lien, in Biol,
Bud:. f.*0,
- * . L Sei, fir, of
Honvr,vart, 2..Cap.5, n I 3.
S1mmons, J wear of juch, who held not
that it was by the multitude of thoſe who met
from him. And, havine, by that nreans got
in the Parliament held at fOrtogd, 71 47 Hen. 3; and by the flrength of their nume+ rous Retainers, at that time attending them, pon pretence of danger from the. Welſh; that they forced the King. to ſubmit to thoſe
unrcaſonoble Ordinances, cal/ed Proviſiones |:
Ozonit, there framed 5 whereby the Regal | Authority was , in efje>, totally wreſted
the power into their hands; b 'y which, raiſing a potent Army, they became vidorious inthe Battle of Lewes, the next enſuing year, where the Kine and Prince were both made priſoners , they thought it not ſafe to adven- ture the calling of any future Parliament, wherennto ſuch numbers, with their large Re- tinues ſhould have a colony to reſort > leſt, aſ ter their tyrannexs oppreſſrons were ſuffici»
the ſame Frgine, whereby they got the- Sword
And thertſore , inſtead of thoſe Barones
Minores;—ami-therr Trains, they ſent out; ut
pecial Urits © in the Kings Name (he being then their priſoner ) to ſummon only tboſe of the Barones Majores, which were of their
own Party 3 andihelike Precepts * to the re-'
ſpcAive Sheriffs, ineach County, to cauſe two Kniehts in cucry Shire, and one or rw0 Bur- ec{ies for each Borough, to repreſent the Body of the People , reſiding in thoſe Counties and Boronghs. Which rational device, for pre- vention of danger, being at that time begun by them, hath (as we ſee ) been continued and praiſed, by the ſucceſſreve Kings of this Realm, cur ſince.
But intheConquerors time, he who had not forty Hides of Land, was not reputed a Ba-
ron: For-by an anthentick, Teſtimony, it is:
thus Recorded $ Abbas Wulfricus habuit fratrem, Guthmundum Vocabulo ; cui filiam prxpotentis viri, in matrimoni- um conjungi paraverat : Sed, quoniam ille wel. hidarum terre domimum minus obtine- ret; licetnobilis eflet, inter Proceres tunc nuncupart non potuit. m
Certain it is, that thoueh the Earls 3x thoje days, bad that formality of Inveſtiture, as 1 have briefly ſhewed, and afterward ", by a venerable Kobe and Coronet 5 I do not find that the Barones Majores had any Creation at all, ether by Charter or Robe, but were axon - Soo Sew oxly, And, that af- torwards, others, having* Writs/ of Sum- mons, to come to Parliament, -ſate inter Ba- rones 3 that is to ſuy, with, and amongſt thoſe, who were Barons by Tenure 5 where- por they were called their Peers or equals, ard conſequently were reputed Barons.
Torching the Antiquity of which Writs of
| their Lands by Barony, but were called to
thoſe great Councils ( we now term Pariia- ments) by reaſon of their Prudence 3 ſome are of opinion, that they began towards the later end of King Henry the Thirds Reign 3, which is vcry probable, in regard, upen that grand defection of thoſe who had been in Arms againſt the King, aud vanquiſhed in the Battle of Eveſham; moſt, if not all of them, were, at preſenh, ſet aſide, But, to point out, who they were, that had their firſt riſe, by
Writof Summons, ##til i22 Edw. I. and iRor. Vaſ- con, 22 E.I.
afterwards, paſſeth my Skill 3 there being no in dorſo m,
publick Record, that doth make mention of s. them, till then, excepting that of 49 Hen.3,
which only taketh notice of thoſe, who were,
in the Kings Name ſummoned by the Rebelli- ous Barons to that Payliament, which they held, whilſt he was their priſoner.
Perhaps it may be doubted by ſome, whe- ther every Family, of whem T have diſcourſed in this firſe Tome, where ſtridly Barons by
ſuch, T ſay, that, having found, from the Notes of ſome former Judicious Antiquaries, that they were ſo reputed 5 1 deemed it a ſafer error, to takenotice-of them, in that quali- fication, then, by their omiſſion, tacitly to conclude them otherwiſe.”
Peradventure alſo, it may be thought, that my omitting the Arms of thoſe Families , whereof Tdodiſcourſe,is a fault, But there- unto T anſwer, that, well conſidering Heredi- tary Arms to be of nogreater Antiquity then King Richard the Firſts time; IT might have been too raſh, in attributing thoſe, which (from the teſtimony of good *Aunthority) have been ſince borne, tothe times preceding, which were totally uncertain: Solikewiſe, as to the Coronets of Earls, for which we have no ſure authority, above King Edward the Third's timeznerther of Viſcounts till King James's, nor Barons till this of King Charles the $e- conds Reign, t
Beſides , admilting good evidence for all theſe, throughout all times, ſuch hath been the diſuſe of this age for cutting of Trints. in Wood; by reaſon, that thoſc in Copper are more beautiful 5 that the Art of Carving in
that kind , is now ſo loſt, as there is little
done therein , but what would rather blextiſh the Work, then adorn it. And, as to Cuts in Copper, it is very well kriown, that there can be no uſe of them made by that Preſs, which Printeth the Book, 5 but another , through which, by a chargable expence, every ſingle Fſcutcheon 3s to paſs, 5
As to the Scheams of Deſcents, whereby the Reader might be the better aſſiſted in ob-
: ſervingthe contexture of the Diſcourſez T have
. 3914
Mode dial at.
| aa aide
- '- THE PREFACE.
inſerted ſuch as IT thought moſt neceſſary; deeming the reft perſpicuous enongh , with- out that
If inthe firſt Volume of this Work, there ſhall be any doubt, whether the Families be ranked according to their Antiquities in Dignity; 1
aut acknowledge, that T ant much unſatis- fied my ſelf, as to that point : but having no clearer light, to guide me better, I have |
adventured to place them, as they are; whol- ly diſſavowing any determination of my own therein, as to ſuperiority, or precedence : profeſſang, that , could I have fixed them with moreexa@Fneſs, I had much rather have
ſo done,
As to the defe@s in the Matches and Iſſue of ſome who hawe lived, or yet live in theſe times : I muſt attribute it chiefly to the want
of ſuch Publick Enteries of thenr, as have
formerly (that is to ſay, before the begin-
ning of the late unhappy Troubles, in Ann. 1640.) beeu made in the Office of Armes as alſo for lack, of that. opportunity of ad-
__ and trouble. |
|
de potentibus vera dicuntur, & Scrtptu- rx commendentur, Bella parantur ei: $1 taceantur, vel, 11 bona pro malts anno-
tentur, mutilabicur 3 & de blandimentis, |
| adulationibus, & falfitationibus . oraviter
Opus totale condemnabitur , & redargu-
| Eur,
Again ; whereas it wight be expedcd, that
| 7 ſhould have aſcended much higher , in my
diſconrſe of ſome Families than I have done; perhaps from the Norman wr A preſum- ing them to have been Orginally French 5, and, that there is ſome colour for it, in re- gard their names are found in divers Cop- pies of that Memorial commonly called The Roll of Battail-Abby. To this I Anſwer ; that there are great Errors or rather Falſi- ties in moſt of theſe Copiesz by atributing the derivation of many from the French , who were not, at all , of ſuch ExtraGjon ; but meerly Engliſh; 2s by their Surnames, taken from ſeveral places in this Realm , is moſt evident. But ſuch hath been the (ub-
dreſs, unto ſuch, as might have given me
better
all deſire, that thoſe who are, or may be concerned in that kind, of whom I am pro- perly to make mention in the other Parts of of this rriſtorical Work, now ſirsreg for the Preſs 3 will take ſome care to cauſe ſuch En- tries fo be made, as may preſerve the me- mory of them to future times : Whereunto, having acceſs, I may make uſe of what is mot qeceſſary.
And, as to the memorable Ations of thIe, |
who have lived in theſe later times; if it ſhall be thought, T havs not .been ſo Copious in making mention of them, \as I might : Ide- (tre it may be conſidered, that the Reign of King James did not afford very much : And that the greateſt part of King Charles the Firſt's, was calm and peaceable, until the prevalent party in that unhappy Long Par- liament, being tainted with Presbyterean Principles; raiſed ſuch an inſurreFion as deſtroyed many Thouſands , and at length terminated, in the horrid murther of that moſt pious and excellent King. Touching the chief Adors wherein, it is yet too early
to. diſcourſe : But, in the next Age, 'tis like, |
that thoſe ſubtile Artifices, whereby they firſt got Power into their blogdy Handsz and their tranſcendent Oppreſſzons, and Cruelties, when they had gained it, may be faithfully repreſented to the life, by ſome more able Pen; to the end, that Poiterity may not be rgnorant 3 that it was under the ſpeciows
pretence 'of aſſerting the Eſtabliſhed Rehi- -
gion, the Lays of the Land, and Liberties of the SubjeCts, that theyallured the people to
* 11, Weltm, their aſſiſtance. Si enim * ( ſaith the Monk in Anno - of CHeftminſter,whgre he puts a Period to bis
1159,
Hiſtory of that time, in which he lived )
*
tilt y of ſome 14 that.” finding 18 acceptable unto moſt, to be reputed deſcend- ants to thoſe who were Companions with Duke William, in that memorable Expedi- tion, whereby he became Conqueror of this Realms as that, to gratify them (but not
without their own advantage ) they inſerted
| their namcs into that antient Catalogue,
Perhaps alſo, ſome may think, that there is not exough ſaid in honour of their own ye- ſpeFive Families, comparatively with others. To ſuch IT Anſwer; that many there have been, who though raiſed to Honour, for their perſonal merits, did deſcend from Anceſtors of eminent note in the World, for divers Ages, yet not Peers of this Realm, of whos I could not- juſtly be ſilent, Again, no ra- tional perſon can judge, that at men in all times, have been alike ative in the World. therefore, of them which lived privately, how can we exped to find more, than we now diſcerne of ſuch, who are our own Contem- poraries &
Beſides, 4s all the parts of the habitable World were Succeſsfully Plantcd and Peo- pled: And, as all Nations had their proper and peculiar times; and not their begin-
had every Family its reſpcdive time, an ats deſerved Exaltation.
And, as to thoſe, whoſe perſonal virtues have been conſpicuous ; that they have wor- thily merited advancement to Honour : bow- ever the preſent Age mav look upon them, with - leſs eſteem than ſuch as can derive themſelves from a long Deſcent of noble An- ceſtors; Poſterity, will aſjuredly, ſet an higher value 'on them. For,
Malg
A CA
nings at one and the ſelf ſame inſtant: ſo.
| | |
" THE PREFACE.
Juvenal, $,
Malo tibi Pater fit 7 berſtes dummodo tu fis, '
Eacid; ſimilis Vulcaniaque Arma ca- peſlas,
Quam te Therſiti ſimilem producat A- chilles, P;
C There is much wanting to this Work, 7 acknowledge, that might have been gather- ed from thoſe magnificent Tombes, and other venerable Memorials ' wherewith the Mona-
fteries of England 4id plentifully abound, .
had there been n—_—_— notice taken of them, before their fatal diſſolution ; which by their Inſcriptions, would have clearly aſcertained the times of Death , places of Sepultnre, di- vers Matches, many Children , and ſome me- morable Ations of the perſons there Inter- red; and which , through their ruine, are now utterly loſt; the Figures whereof ( by Prints from Copper-Plates) might likewiſe have been no ſmall ornament thereto, But ſo great a prevalency, haththe Evil of Lucre
might be compelled to live Religiouſlly , for Reformation of their lives, there could no redreſs, nor Reformation be, m that behalf. In conſideration therofthere- fore: ( for theſe are the very words of the AG) the Kings moſt Royal Majeſty, be- ing ſupreme Head, in Earth, of the Church of England ;. daily ſtudying, and devi- ſing, the Increaſe, Advancement, and Ex- altation of true Doftrine, and Virtue in the ſaid Church, to the only Glory and Honour .of God, &c. Conſidering alſo , that divers great Monaſteries wherein (thanks be to God ) Religion was well kept and obſerved, were deſtitute of ſuch full numbers of Religious perſons, as they might keep 3 did think good, that a plain Declaration ſhould be made of the premil- ſes: Whereupon the Lords and Com- mons, by great deliberation, finally reſol- ved; that it ſhould be much more to the pleaſure of Almighty God, and Ho-
nour. of this Realm that the poſſeſſions 101 EX
bad, upon the Hearts of "wortaly-men-;—that- occaſton was taken, in the time of King Hearty - the ciebth, to make what ſecular adventages they could from the miſcarriages of others. And, thoueh the Proje@, at firſt, was to accompliſh what they brought to paſs at laſt ; yet did they not diſcover thoſe their raven- ous intentions, untill a proper ſeaſon
For having «> far 4s could be , packed the members of the Houſe of Commons , in that notable Parliament, begun at Uae(}- minſter, 3 Novemb, 21 Hen. 8. and con- tinued by Prorogation untill the fourteenth | of April, 27 Hen, 8. As alſo, inſinuated to mot of the Nobility, and other perſons of quality, what temporal benefit they ſhould acquire by the Diſſolution of the Religious Honſesz, after divers ſubtile praiſes made uſe of, to effe® what they had thas cloſely deſigned; they ſuggeſted to the peoplez That,
, For as much as manifeſt Sin , Vicious ,
Carnal, and Abominable living, hath been daily uſed and committed , in ſuch little and ſmall Abbies, gc. Where the Congregation of ſuch Religious perſons, was under the number of Twelve ; where- by the Governors of ſuch Houſes, and their Covents, did ſpail, deſtroy , con- ſume, and utterly waſte, as well thoſe Monaſteries, ec, their Lands, &c. as the Ornaments of their Churches, Goods and Chattelsz to the high diſpleaſure of Al- mighty God, ſlander of good Religion ; and to the great Infamy of the Kings Highneſs, and theRealm, &*c. if redreſs
ould not be had thereof: So that, with-
- out ſuch ſmall Houſes were utterly ſup- prelled; and che Religious perſons there- |
:
1n, committed to great and honourable
* Monalteries of Religion, where they
yo,
ſhould be converted to better-uſes, &c. and thereupon did humbly deſire, that it- might be Enadted, that his Majeſty ſhould have and enjoy to him an1l his Heirs for ever, all 7 fngular ſuch Monaſteries , e*c, to the pleaſure of Almighty God , and to the Honour and Profit of this Realm, ;
But when by this device ( which Tthonght rot impertinent here to ſet forth )they followed th# Chaſe.with quicker ſpeed in Order to the full fruition of all the reſt. Which they ac- compliſhed within leſs then three years af*+ ter, by Inſtruments of Surrender from the reſpe@ive Covents : partly through corrupting the chief in each of them , with large Pen- ſrons, during their lives: and partly by tcr- ror, to ſuch as were not plyant, Which, being afſeFed ; to ſecure what was done, all poſ- tble haſte was made, not only to demoliſh thoſe goodly StruGures, wherein they did inhabit 3 bnt the total{ Fabricks of their ve- ry Churches, wherein ſome of the Kings of this Realm, and moſt of the Nobility, and other perſons of chief Note, were honourably Entombed: And then to diſperſe their poſe ſeſſeons into ſundry Lay-Hands; either b free Gift, eaſy purchaſes , or Advantageons E xchanges © and this for fear leſt they mig ht ever return to be again imploged unto ſuch
| uſes, 4s the Piety of their well-meaning
Founders did Originally deſigne them,
Nor did this ravenows prattiſe make @ ſtop here: but after the Reformation began in the time of King Edward the Sixth, which aboliſhed Indulgences, Prayers for the Dead, 4nd many of thoſe Devices , ther called Pix Fraudes, which had been uſed in
]
the Church 5 whereby the temporal profit E : [
—_—— My
_
—
THE PREFACE.
Ps
n ——_ — y—_— CCI ny —_— HMask, _
_- the dept
the Lay-man, was thought to be not a little impared ; they fell to work, again, under the ſp2ciows pretence of taking away thoſe things out of other places, as were then thought un- neceſſary, and ſuperſtitious : Whereby, ſuch ſpoil and deſtru@ion was made in the Ca- thedrals, Collegiate, and Parochial-Churches of the Nation: by defacing thoſe Monuments of the Dead, where any gain was to be had as that few of them, whereon any Portrai- dure in Braſs, or Copper; or Epitapths in ſuch mettle kad been engraved, were permit- ted to remainy.but were barbaronſly torne away, and ſold to common Braſters and Tinkers : In ſo muth, as Complaint being ade thereof to Queen Flizabeth , ſhe iſſued out two Proclamations; theqnein the Second gear of ber Reign, and the other in the Four- teenth, for putting a reſtraint to. this exe- crable dealing. But alas, all too late; that miſchief being done which could not be. re- paired.
Such hath been ( we ſee) the ſpecious
God; but under thoſe holy Veiles, to perpe- trate the greateſt Villanies imaginable, Con- ſonant whereuwto, it cannot eaſily be for- gotten, what we have ſeen, of this kind, ated over again in our own times, In which thoſe few Memorials of the dead, that were left andeſtrozed before; have been, by the hor- rid rapine of thoſe Holy- pretended Zealopts (then in Armes) thronghogt all the Cathe- drals of this Realm, and mot Parochial Chur ches, almoſt totally eradicated.
With what difficulty, length of time, and expence, the Materials for this Work, have been got together, there are not many, I am ſure, that can well Judge. And yet 1 ny expeF& no leſs than the cenſure of ſome, who would have it thought. that they know much; if they do hit upon any thing that T have, not ſeen; and perhaps will tax me with negligence, or worſe, for omitting it; though it be as unlikely that I fhould have cogni- fſance therecof , as 'tis to know what money another man hath in his Pocket.
Others*there are, I dowbt, who will be apt to blame me for repreſenting the piety of an- tient times, in ſuch ſort , as I have done; looking upon it 'as vain, and ſuperſtitions : But whatſoever the opinion of thoſe may be, as to matter of Merit; T think it ſafeſt to judge the moſt charitably of all men,
As it is mnch ſatisfa#ion, to my ſelf, that after ſo many years travel and pains, 1
© have thus far bronght to light the moſt re-
markable AGions of divers worthy men , who have long ſince flouriſhed in this Realm, and been famons in their generations : which till _— the mo
and darkneſs of Oblivion; Sy it will
4 puts-on;-viztofſ pretend Purity; -SanGity., and the_Honorof |
part, have lain buried in b
Ly #4
| be to all other (I am ſure) who have any ſer ſe or regard for the Honour of their preg Aus ceſtors 5 and likewiſe encourage ſome publick, Spirit s of greater abilities, and better Intereſt, to purſue the work, , thus begun by doing richt, in due time, to thoſe of this Later age, touch- ing whom I have made but a brief mention, for the reaſons before expreſſed.
Some, perhaps , there are , who ma 'y be donbifull as to the certainty of divers things which are related in this Hiſtorical Work from the' Credit of our Chronologiſts, whoſe uſual courſe hath been to magnifie «the emi- nent Adtions of the Worthies in their times, with Hyperbolical Encomiums ; 4s they did alſo the Piety of the Religions, unto littleleſs than Miracle. But if, for this reſpe#, what is of that kind delivered , ſhall be eſteemed meerly fititions, the renowned Enterpriſes of thoſe elder Ages,would be not « bu obſcured. For", thongh to beget the higher Howor to the fame of Heroick men, thoſe antient Wri- ters (the Monks) did-aſſume-a Poetical Tis Jomewhat farther than ſtrictly they ought ; to the end that-the greater Veneration ſhould be had to their Memories; if , for that reajox thoſe their Reports ſhall be totally exploded; there is nothing more certain, than that much | of Truth will be utterly loſt.
AS to What T have related, which 3s be- yond the memory of thoſe, who have been or are my own Contemporaries z my Authorities are exatly quoted, But as to what hath hay- pened within that time,\it is upon their cre- dit, who had no reaſon to ſpeak farther , or otherwiſe than their own knowledge doth reach: $0 that, I hope, there are tlo miſtakes therein, but what the candid Reader may very well pardon; if they be other than the Printers faults : my chief end, being to deliver nothing but Truth, and with an howorable reſpe@ to every one.
And now to conclude, As this Hiſtorial Diſcourſe will afford ( at a diſtance ) ſome, though but dim, proſpe@ of the Magnificence and Grandure, wherein the moſt Anticnt and Noble Families of England did herctof ore live: So will it briefly manifeſt how Short, Uncertain, and Tranſtent Earthly greatneſs 4s, For of no leſs than two hundred and ſeventy in number, touching which this firſt Volume doth take notice; there will hardly be found above Eight, which do to this day continue; and of thoſe prot any whoſe Eſtates ( compa-
|
| red with what their Anceſtors enjoyed ) are
not a little diminiſhed, Nor of that num- ber (I mean 270. ) above twenty four, who are by any younger Male-Branch deſcended
from them, for onght I can diſcover.
\ The
-berty in_ —
OY
The moſt material Miſtakes, which haye been committed in the . Printifig ot this Book, are to be Corrected as followerh 3 the reſt may be —_— - eaſily amended by the conſiderate Reader,
Wy wei OE Ge 2s rot ons Ms ems -
res; ARES. > Age 3. b, Line 46,' ſhould bave killed, p.9,a. 1.44, buried in, p.23.a. 1.21. as Judge, p. 35. b 1. 62, Grandfather to, p.,32.b. oO ' .
1. 56. Hardreſhull, p. 4: a. 1.16, which, p. 4g. a. 1. 9. was brought. 1b. 1.26 Normetdy, p; 46. 4. 1.34. extent, Ib. b. Leg, Furgages, (p. 47.4. 1.37. dele leaving rea bis Brother 10 ſucceed b:m in the Earidem. Jp. $3. b. 1. 3. Alenniger, p. $8.b.-1, iy, who firſt, p.63. a. 1.:8, of the Earl of Ailemayle, p. 68. a. J. 11, Deven, p.66.b. 1 25. Cermeiles, p. 68. a. 1. 32. «Abtot. py1. a, I, 48. RKubiyt de, p.92.a. | 7. hortatory, p.$2,a. 1. 19, his Soul, p.85. a. 1, ult, 1118, p68. a. 1. ro. he could, p.00.a. I, 34, unwari- neſs, p.-97. b, 158. Crrfſewell. p.rco. b, 1 8. Livery, p.tct.b, 1. 52. King Jebs, p.1c4,a, 1. 25 Crdiny, p.acye bl. 25 merits, p.1n0, a. 1.34. net. 1b. b. 1. 161, Aid, Ix b, 1g. to, p.115. a. 1.47. which, p.n17 «, 1.65: be ſo, p.118. b, 1.64. merits, p.121.4. L x3, | his Brother, Ib.1 91. M-na'r, Ib. b. 1.6. his, p. 123. b. 1.70, Smite, p:+25. b 1,q1, FEdw. n. p. 129. a, 1.32. principal, Ib. 1, 24 & 25. accuſing the, p.130. a. 1 &8. Coton, p.134. 4. 1. 6. xvme. p.+46. 4. 1. 9, kdmand, 1b.1. 19. as is, 1b, p.1. penu t, unworthy,p.1x6. a, I. 11. notable, p. 161, a. 1. 40. Revyms. p. 162, b, 1 45+ corber, p.172.4. I.1,16:5. p. 174 b.1l.49. Chawerih, p.181 2.1.43. his Sons Wives, Ib. b. 1. 58, and his Heirs, 1h ! £4. dele wbo /accerded bim in theſe Earldoms of Hereford and Eſſex, p.191.a, 1.7, at Heghford, p. 193.4 1. 9. caumpes, 1b, 1, 36 4-agbron, p. 194. b. I. uit. Thilzypa, p.195. b, 1] ult, Calvertcy, P. 16.2. 1.5, Thanderſſy, p. 199. b. 1.7, Todmgren, p. 2cg. b. 1. 34 fortified, p. 211.a.1.5. an, p. 231, a. 1. 56. merits, p. 234. b. 1.3. t e Ergl:ſh celayd, p. 237. b. 1. 64. Hadſovre, p. 145. a.1. 39. ys P. 257. b.1. 17. founced, p. 295, a. 1. 34. 4o Fdn.3. p.3cg.4.1. 37. ard did, p. 311.4.1, 597. Hahon, p. 313. Þ.1. 18. tlinz\nb Wite, p. 315.4, 1.4.&% 1.25. & b. 1. 26, wroxi(fter, p. 318. b.1. 28. bitterly, p. 325. b.1. genx't. to whom ſucceeded. In the Pe m—_ I. 32. Swdley, p. 339. a. 1. 23. reteined, 1b, 1. 38. & b.1-36. merits, p; 358. b. 1. 38. ſaid Margever, p. 362.4. 1. 31. an abſolute; p.367. b. I. 57. ſenragengſt, p. 368. a. 1. 43. only the, p. 373. a. 1.6. Manley, p. 374. b.1. 49. Brayton, p. 375. b.1. 3. Wichnovre, p. 376. b. 1.29. Kylpecy » P. 447. b. 1. 63. manc, p. 430.a.1. 46. Edw. 1.p.q31. 4.1. 46. Edw.1. p.453.2.1. 5. Lucia, p. ass.b.1., $. 1080, p. 461, a. 1.30, was poſſeſſed of, p. 469. b. 1. 49. Mellent, p. 50a; b. 1. 26. Maidred, p. 583. b. 1. 23. levied. In12 H. 2, p. $45. 2a.1.1.& 1. 3. Edw. 2. p, $53.a.1.42, Wool-fells, 565.4. 1. 31. and died in, p. 583. b. 1, 45. 87 yrs p. 585. a. 1. 32. Altar, p. 589. a.1. 35. Engeſtrey, Ib. b.l.c,
Lrother, to Will, Lord Haſtings, p. 623. 4.1. 62. Sapertor, p. 633. 4.1. 59. dele 19H. 3. p. 666. 4,1, 49. 46 H.3. p.673,b.1. 2, firedir,
In Civers plac&s, inſicad of Zeb. is put Zeby, And in ſomg of the Pedegrees miles for mititis,
IN a_®
I 0
uh
\ 8
AR
&
-
,
THE
ONAG
| "*- OF
GLAND
BEFORE THE
| Norman Conqueſt.
% FE.
_—
A
Earl of Glouceſter.
wF this County I have not met RH with the mention of any more than once Earl hefore
the Norman Conqueſt , nor in any other County one {© antient : + E/dol, being Ear] here in the Year of Chriſt | WAEF 461. of whom it is report-
An. 461. ed *, That when Hengjft, the Saxon, having * M. Welw, Heard of K. Vortimer's death, return'd into *BU- neuro tany with Four thouſand Soldicrs, K. Vortigern, with his Nobles, determined to give them Bat- tle z whereupon Hengift reſolving to prevail by Treachery , ſignified to Vortigern , that himſelf and all his Forccs ſhould be at his diſpoſition : And that for better confirming of what he fo of- fered, Ambresbury was appointcd for the place of their meeting, 3 but at this meeting, the Bri- . tains being unarmed, ( the Saxons having long Knives called Seaxes) were, for the moſt part, per- fidiouſly murthered : Which being diſcerned by this valiant Eldo/, then Earl of OlQuUCeſter, he preſently took up a Stake , which he found by chance, and with it laid about him with ſuch eourage,that he ſlew no leſs then Seventy of them and having, broke the Heads, Arms, and Limbs of many more, got from them into Ololceſter. q| After this, ſel. in An. 485. whcn Aurelius {Ambroſus, King of the Britains, ſcnt to railc al] the Power of the Nation , for to cxtirpate theſe Pagans, unto whom he gave Battle ncar the River Don in the North. This famous Earl E/4o! having an. earneſt defire «to encounter perſonally with Henegiſt, xaſht through the thickeſt of them with that Troop which he commandcd , and pull'd: him out by the Noſe of his Helmet 3 whercupon the Saxons ficd, and the Britains had the Victorys Which bcing, by the admirable courage of E!do!, thus obtaincd 3 and a Mecting had of the princi- pal Commandcrs of the Erith Army, to conſider how to diſpoſc of Herzilt ; up ſtood Eldad, Biſhop of ©lcliceticr (Brother to Ede!) and ſaid in
An.4$ 9. M. Welim, in couem anno,
, "_—
— A—
—_ Gy
—
great wrath 3 That if all would hayc him ſavcd, he himſelf would cut him in picces, asking, why they ſhould be fo effeminate as to ſtick thereat : Whereupon Eldol taking, him out of the Town drew his Sword, and cut off his Hcad.
2
Earls of Cornwal.
F this County was Gorlozs Earl, in the time of Uther-Pendragon,King of the Brittous, þ of whom this .is reported *, That TU- ther determining to folemnize the Feali of E aſter at London , with great honor , appointed all his Nobles to be thereat 3 among(t which, this Gorlois then was, together with Jeerns his Witc, whoſe Beauty did ſurpaſs all other Britzihh Wo men 3 fo that the King fell in love with her, and courted her with all delicatcs : Which bcing * diſcerned by the Earl, he rctircd ſpccdily in- to his Countrey without leave 3 the King therefore being highly 'incenſcd againſt him for ſo doing , haſted after him into Y o2nwat, and fred divers of his Towns 3 and at length bc- fieging him at Otmilioch , provoked himto come out to Battle : Which he did ſo inconſidc- ratey , he bcing one of the firſt mortally wound- cd, his followcrs diſperſt themſclvcs. After whoſe death the King tgok Igerna to Wife; and boot on her a Son, galled Arthur, who became attcr- wards not a little famous.
T Thenext Earl was Cador, who when King Arthur had bclicged Colgrine , the Saxon Gencral in the City of PAK 3 underſtanding that & :/- dulph the Brother of + Colgrine , expecting the coming, of more Saxons upon the Sca Coaſt, de- ligncd to fall upon King, Arthur in the night tin.c. Arthur having notice thercot by his Scouts, (@1.t this valiant C2497 with, Six hundred Horſe and Three thouſand Foot 3 who mccting the Ench y uncxpcCctcdly, flew many of tizcm, and routed thc rclf,
About three ycars aftet, upon 2nothcr invaſion
Ay. $20 of the Saxons, and a great Battle fougit with 4
Ma:, Wef an, '
| , x
' Colorixg-and Ba/dnt (beforcn.cniicncd ) lott their
them ncar T3athe in Bamericetiiire, wherein
C
livcs 3
wait Þ Acc tOEbe ENS. Coen ESR —« i En ws ol At tea * a — —_—_—
>—
-—
_—
"THE BARONAGE
2 T : E. of Wor ceſt. * ves 3 and Cheldric, the other principal Leader of | | them) in Glouceſterſhire, and unto Oſwald his =e "ok the remaining _ of their Forces | Brother, as much in this Shire, they being called were put to flight. This Earl Cador, by King b Miniſtri ſui nobilys gener , bis Servants or Officers Arthur's Command , purſucd them into the Iſle of Noble deſcent. Out of which uu gift, this of Thanet, ſlew Cheldrick, and forced the reſt ric Founded ©'a Monaſtery 0 in the to yicld themſelves to his mercy. ity of Hlouceſter w. the honor of S, Peter the An. 542: This noble Cador left iſſue Conſtantine, whom | | Apoſile , conſtituting © Keneburge his Siſter firlt Mat. Weltm, Ring Arthur at his death, appointed to be his A beſs there. Fr Succeſſor in his Kingdom of 2u1tatn. . | | , 08 Oſric (ſometimes ca Oſhere ) gave Fb.t.m T The ncxt Earl was Godric, of whom I have unto two Nunns , viz. Dunxun and uegan, Fr, _ a H. Knigh- ſcen no other mention *, than that Egelwold, the place called CUiTlandun 5 en Talat, Jo, nn ſometime King of England , [caving no other | 4 Twenty Fermes lying near the River T | iſue that ſurvived him , but one Daughter , for the Founding of an Abbey there, named Goldwbrurgh, (Six years of age at his death ) He alfo gave 8 the Village of Rippel to one plbid, T7 þ committed her to the tuition of this Godric, who Frithwald, a Monk in the Monaſtery of TUi0t- * wD afterwards gave her in marriage to Hanelec, Son | | Ceſter, for his ſupport there under that Eccle- co Birkelan, King of Denmark. liaſtick Rule. ; . q In the time of King Zthelred Ailmer or - , JT The next to him was Hutired, ſometimes ; thelmare (for ſo is he alſo called) was Earl of this | | called ® Dux Wicciorum, who gave | to the Monks Suey County 3 who, bcing a pcrſon of ſingular Piety, of {10 ceſter , the Lordſhips of Stoke and : L:. Sag An Founded Þ firſt of all the Abbey of Cerne in ©Cepeſton, in the time of King Offa.” As alſo $"144.b9 FOoſctſhire, in the days of King Edgar z and | | * Averabyng (id et, Dverburp) Eatun !, A». 756. had ſo great a vencration to the memory of Ead- (near the Brook called Selewearpe ) and the 4 iD. p48 wald, Brother of S. Edmund the Martyr, who " Lordſhip of SCcepanaeiaun to the Monks of 1* 5 16. n, » Mt - Bu F- led© an Hermites life in Oogietlh:i? betore- Clorcefter, mn 2 & 30% x at nze, mentioned , ncar to a certain Spring called the T After him Eanbert ( Brother to the ſame | S1{ver-well that, with the hclp of Dunitar Uhtred) who gave® Tredinton to that Mona- 1b, n.4e. (Archbiſhop of” Canterbury) he tranſlated * his | | liery. c Relicks to the old Church of £ernel, then the J Andlaſtly, Aldred (Brother to Vhtred) who Pariſh Church. beſtowed ® on-the Monks of* S. Peter at GfDU: +» Fb. y.cov Wl « | «| After this, ſci. in A. 1005. (in the time of ceſter, Threeſcore Fermes at Culne. As alſo 4 rs _ _ p.350, King Ethelred ) he Foundcd © the Abbey of E&vne- Pan Hundred and twenty Hides, lying without o, : f wonaſt. An- ſham in Dxfo 2d(hire 3 and likewiſe * the Prio- the Walle of SloUCeNer, where now the Ber: Se, ry of Bzuton in Somerſetſhire ( all Monks | | £OnNes5 and in J2ymdesfeld Three Ferms.
of the Benediciine Order ) which he amply cn- dowed, as by the Authoritics, which I hayc here cited, will appear 3 though in that of Bmuiton, Cannons of S. Arguſtine, were afterwards pla- ced.
This Ailmer was ® alſo Earl of Devonſhire, undcr which Title, in the ycar 1013. when b Syans King of Denmark ovcrrun the greateſt part of the Land with his Army, and forced King Etholred to betake himſelf unto the City ot (clincheſter for refuge 3 he with all the great men of the Weſt, fearing i the tyranny of the Danes, ſubmitted * themſelves to Swane, and gave Hoſtages | fox their peaceable obedience un-
—_—
V3 Matth. i4% Weſtm. in « An, 1013. Fi
An, 1016, - to him. And about three years after this, when
King Edmund Tronfide fought fo ſtoutly againſt
King Canute (Son to the ſame Sane) he, joyn=
mn {| Marth, | -ing ® with that traitcrous Eadric Streona , Earl
2 eaeþ of YBercia, and Eark Algar , adhered ® to Canute.
Of his Iſſue there nothing more appcareth ,
A Ye fin; than that he left a Son ® called Athelward, who
7 ao. in the year 1018, was killed P by King Canxte,
topcther with that
great Traytor Eadric S$treone, Earl of Mercta. |
Earls of Worceſterſhire. Hough in all other Shircs, thoſe who were .cmployed in the Rule and Government
[ under the reſpective Kings, in the Saxons
time,had theTitle of Comites and Dces 3 yet theſe, An. 6$1. in this County, were called Swbreguli : Of which, - _ Oſric 1s the firſt, unto whom KR; Eth:lred in the «\ Vol.r. fol, ycar of Chrilt 681. gave ® Three hundred Tene-
«C107 , MUnts (#4-'oft, Houſes with. Land bclonging to
a4o& 5o,
Moreover he confirmed * the Grant of Tim: r ©1dia. ep: bingetue (lying at theFoot of TUendeſclpf , ,} 50** ® which Village King Offa gave * to the Monaſtery
at Clife, | gave * the Lordſhip of TUleſfune pl Ibid.p.138 |
| He likewiſe : | to the Church of bi ago 2 Andtothe ® Mo- aldid, a6,
naſtery of CUo2ceſter Secgesbearwe , in An. 778. k
ww tf
Earls of Northumberland.
Eing now to ſpeak of the Earls of this County, as it is at this day limitted with Cumberland - and TUeſtmerland,
Weſtwards with the Biſhoprick of Durham 3 Southwardsz with Scotland to the North, and the Sea to the Eaſt, Tt will be fit in the firſt place to manifeſt, That long ago that part of Eng: land, called FZozthumberland, was of a far larger extent 3 therefore, before I proceed with my Story of theſe Earls, I have thought it ne- ceſſary to take notice, that the antient ® Bounds © of that Territory, known by the name of 3Noz- < thumberland, was ® the whole Tra of Eng: 4« land , from the River Dumber North
to DCotland , together with Lancaſhire, Weſtmerſand, and Cumberland 3 and G it continued © —_ the time that it was governed + by Kings, being divided 4 into two parts 3 viz. Deira, which is 'that lying betwixt PÞUmber and the River Teiſe, and Bernicia, that be- twixt Celtſe, and the River Twede : Bur when it began to be governed by Earls or Con- ſuls, their JuriſdiQtion was, for the moſt part, re- {trained © to the Banks of Tine and Der: «Ib, 0.1% went, towards the South 3 (Jeſtmerland axd
Cumberlany
\
GS a 60 ...- -- £2
Ante Conq. Norm,
OF BNGLAND. _ ;
un a Q,
Cumberland towards the Weſt, Scotland | to the North, and the Sea to the Eaſt, as it is at 'this day 3 ſo that-few of them had to do beyond thoſe Bounds.
Admitting therefore for truth what hath been ſaid, it muſt be concluded, That thoſe two Earls, viz. Britbric (or Berth ) and Offere, who ruled here in the time of Egfrid, King of JNo2- thumberland, were Miniſterial under him only for the whole extent from Dumber to Scot:
land. Of which Earls, there is cheifly this f me- |
morable 3 Firſt, That Brithric being ſent by King Egfrid into Jreland with an Army 3 notwith- _—_— that the Iriſh then were a harmleſs peo- ple, and always Friends to the Engliſh Nation, he miſerably waſted that Countrey , but were not long unrevenged, for ® the year enſuing, Egfrid | Invading that part of Scotland then inhabited by the Pids (though S. Cutbbert earneſtly diſ- ſwaded him therefrom ) was ſlain : And that Brithric, ſoon after making * another in-road up- on the Pifts, to vindicate King Egberts death, loſt T his life. |
The like fate * alſo had Offere, who within . few years after, made another adycnture againſt them for the ſame cauſe. Fes?
JT From which time, until the year 953. I find no mention of any other Earl 3 but then, . the people ſubmitting ! to the Dominion of King Edred, the Weſt Saxou Monarch,. to preſerve their Countrey from deſtruction, which he had threat- ned in regard, -that contrary ® to their Faith, ſolemuly wadc to him, they had advanced * Eric (a Dane) to be King of thoſe Northern Parts , Ofulpb was ® conſtituted. Which Ofzlph, aftcr-
; b, wards, in the Reign of King Edgar receivin
P Oflac to be his Companion in the Rule, govern? q4all the Countrey on the North of Tine, leaving 7 Pozkſhire and the reſt (South thereof) to Offac. JT ToOſwlph ſucceeded © W altheof, common- ly called Walthesf Senior , in whoſe time (ſc:/. An. 969.) Malcolme, King of @Ccotland, (Son to Kyzeth ) invading * Mo2thumberland with a numerous Army, and making great devaſtation there with Fire and Sword, advanced to Dur: ham, and tid * Siege thereto 3 Aldwne then go- verning that Territory betwixt Tine and Trife (which was S. Cxthberts Patrimony ) as Biſho there, This Ear! Waltheof making no * oppoſi- tion, in regard of his extream age, which rendred him anke for Military Services 3 ſothat, for his own fafety, he was conſtrained to ſhut 7 up him- Ef in Bambzongh Caftle. | q But Uchrred, the Son of this Earl Waltheof, being a * Perſon of an aRtive diſpoſition, and very valiant 3 diſcerning that the Scots had thus waſicd that Countrey, and beſieged Durham 3 and that his Father let them alonc, * raiſed what power he could ,* out of JNo2thumbertand and Yo2k- ſhire 3 and therewith (though much inferior in
number to the Enemy) flew ® the greateſt part of
them that the King himſelf, with ſome few, were forced to fave © themſelves by flight. And being thus victorious, cauſed 4 the Heads of the cheif of thoſe bold Invaders to be cut off and carried to Qurham 3- where he fer © them upon Poles round the Walls of that phace.. Whereupon King Ezbelred, hearing of this moſt heroick ex-
loit, ſent forthwith for Uchrred > and, though
rs Father, Earl Waltheof,, was then living, con- feried * upon hitm this Earldom , adding the Couty of Pok thereto.
T But afterwards, ſel. in Ar. 1013. (King Av. 1013. Edmund Ironſide Reigning) Swarey King of Ort , V. Vaia. mark invading * Engiand ; this Earl Vebrred, Ai» vb 8 the firlt example of defection, ſubmitting £2 +15 imſclf to his power, and ſwearing | fealty to "Yes D
him. Whereupon all the Northern parts of the ( Jvtv\.col. Land did i the like. & 60, Howbcit, after the death of King Swanr, Ca- aete his Son entred * EngtandD again with a very & great power 3 and, at his Landing ſent ' to this 'S MY Earl Vchrred, knowing him to be a perſon of no * nm. col; ſmall power 3 and therefore ſolicited ® his utmoſt ,/**: aid 3 with ® promiſes, that he ſhould enjoy all his Honors, and much more : Nevertheleſs t chrr;d refuſed ®, ſaying, P That he had alrcady plight-, ed his Faith to King Etb#red his Liege Lord, and Father in Law, of whoſe gift he had enough al- ready, and that he would never betray him. At length King Ethelred departing this life, . Cunte by his power, took 9 upon him the Domi- « ., nion here, and ſent again to UVchrred, requiring, /2 jwia. r his attendance on him as his Leige Lord us, King. Whereupon Uchtred obtaining ſatc conduct * for his going- and return, went * to the Court 3 but, as he was paſsing towards the King, through the wicked contrivance * of one Twrebrand, tfir- named Hol (a great Perſon in that age) divers armed Men, who lay ſecretly behind a Traverſt, ruſhed in upon him, and murthered ® him, with no leſs than forty of his Attendants, who were then at his hecls. |
This Ear! Uchtred gave great afciſtance' * unto. x s, Dunetm, Biſhop Aldune , in his Building of Durhan; : #52. And firſt took to Wife Y Ecgfrid, Daughter of that 1©'5. Dunel, Biſhop, with whom he had * theſe Lordſhips , 23 col. 79 a viz. Bermetune, Skirningheim, Eire, *0*** Carltune, Deaclf, and Heaſeldene, upon condition'®, that he ſhould maintain her honor-
| ably as his Wife, ſo long as ſhe ſhould live; bat
after his Victory over. the Scots he grew*ſo ela- ted, that he turned Þ her home to Father 3 »1bid. col. who thereupon entred © upon thbfe Lordſhips © ***:*: '*: again, and marric# 4 Sigen, Daughter of a rich a 1vid. a, Citizen, c#lled Sty, the Son of Ulf z who was * woo. te unto him by her Father, for that, © he the aid Earl Uchtred, had killed Thwrebrand before- mentioned, an utter Enemy to Styr.
And, after this, growing highly in favor with King Erbetred , in refpect of his Military know- ledge, he obtained f Elgzz, Daughter of that / EF King, for his third Wife 3 by whom he had a {} Daughter ® named Aldgithz, : given in marriage b ro Maldred , the Son of Crinan, an eminent Thein in thoſe days, and Progenitor to that No- ble Family of the Nevills, as I fhall farther ſhew in due place. | . Upon this Earl UVchtre#s forſaking of Ecg frid his firft Wife { Dngſer to Biſhop Aldwne ) a Theine of Po2kfhire, called Kilvert, Son of Li- gulf, married i her; by wkom ſhe had ifſuck a ; Daughter named Sigrid, wedded to fk! Son of t ),... Ecgfrid , which Arkit had by her a Son! called m%« 3s. <p who wedded ® +++ +++ * Daughter of ” Dolfin , Son of Twrfin , and had iſſne Coſparric, who was to have fought againſt Waltheof, Son of Elf + But at 1 j Kitlvert forſaking, his ſaid Wife, her Father (Biſhop Aldwn?) received ® her apain, with thoſe Lordſhips which he had former- ly given to her for her maintenance 3 whereupon ſhe vowed * Chaſtity, taking the Veil, and was after buried ® in the Churchyard. at - Olt«
1 ham,
I | © Ups
4
f | THE BARONAGE
E. of Northumb,
An. 1016. Upon the murther of Earl Uchtred, King "og bv. cakticured P one Eric (or Hirc) Earl of c W. M4 this Province 5 but being not pleaſed long with tm n.10. him, he forced 4 him to flee and oe r Eqa- * 422 dulf, ſirnamed Cud?l, Earl in his ſtead. EA
)|K. Hoved. © This Farl Eadulf-Cxel, being a Nuggiſh 4 mpeg and timerous Man, ſtood much in fear, that the a no. Scots would revenge upon him the death of thoſe 1job. their Countreymen , who had bcen ſlain by Ear] ,207b. Uchtred (as hath bcen ſaid 3 ) and therefore, to v.49 pacitic them, quitted * Louriuati wholly unto
Eadulf- : | , C11def. them 3 by which means that Territory came © at
/ $5: Pw- firſt robea Member of Scotlanv. : : te, col q Aftcr a ſhort time Eadulf, departing this Wivzed. -- life , Aldr:d, Son to the before ſpecihed Earl x Uchired, by Ecpfrid his firſt Wife,came to be Ear] *, 4 i n.29. and flew Y Thurebrand, the Murtherer of his Fa- L ther 3 which occaſioned no ſmall conteſts ? be- twixt Carl, the Son of Thurebrand, and Earl A!- dred;, yct at length, through great mediation of
p Fricnds, ® Peace being, made betwixt them, they 6d ni. 3». reſolved Þ to go together to Rome, but were ; hindrcd ©. by tempeltuouſneſs of the Sea 3 where- bb TR upon rcturning back, 'Car! received 4 Earl Aidred ** © © fnto his Houſe, feaſting him very honorably' with all ſeeming, affeftion 3 -but afterwards alluring him into a place called R:ſewube, moſt barba-
rouſly murthered © him there.
; q Unto which Aldred ſucceeded f Eadwlf his f - Brother, who being much puffed 8 up with pride, $\14, . made Þ great and crucl devaſtations upon the ' } IVelh : But about three years after coming to King Hardi-Cannus for i reconciliation , he was murthered * by Siward, who ſuccecded | him in
the Earldom.
Ziward. « Of this Siward, who was a Perſon famous
An. 1051. jn his time ( as ſhall be farther ſhewed anon ) |
cycles.) andof a Giantlike ® ſtature, T may not omit what
f::9b. n.40. js Recorded of him as to his Parcntage, ® by the
x [rval. col.
945, n, 49, Monk of Fervaulx.
&c, There was in Denmark (faith he) a Noble Earl of the Blood Royal , that had one only Daughter 3 who, to recreate her ſelf, walking with her Maids-into a Wood, not far from her Fathcrs houſe , met with a Bear : Which Bear having put the Maids into ſo great a fright, as cauſed them to flee, ſeiſed upon the Damlſel, and there raviſhed her > by which Rape ſhe brought forth a Son that had Ears like a Bear, who was thereupon called Berne , and ſucceeded in that Earldom in his Mothers right.
This fiout Earl Berne Fad Iflue a Son named Siward, who, after a time quitting his Patcrnal Inhcritance in Denmark, took ſhipping, and with fifty of his Retinue arrivcd in the Iſlands called Oxchades 3 where, meeting with a herce
| Pragon , he conquered him in tingle combate, and torced him to flce the Land. Having fo done, he put to Sca again, and landcd in J20ythum- berland to {cck another Dragon 3+ where walk- my, in a Wood, he mct with a reverend old Man, who told him, that hc ſought that Dragon, which he could not find : _ But faid hc, get you to your Ship "again, and ſail Southwards to the Mouth ot the River Thames, which will bring you to the wealthy City oft London. And fo, parting with him, gave him-a Standard called Ravelan-
deys, which ſignificth, The Raven of Earthly Ter- |
ro", Who thereupon, coming ſafely to LonDon, was nobly rcceived by King Edward ( the Confiſſr ) with promiſe of no {tnall honor, it he would ttay with lim, |
-
ed.
— ——
A—
Whereunto Simard conſenting, after thanks given to the King, departed the Court ; but meet- ing with Toti, Earl of DuntingDgN, upon a certain Bridge, was by him moſt unworthily af- fronted, by ſoyling with dirt 3 yet Siward,though he took that uſage very diſdaintfully, did not then lift up his hand againſt him but upon his return (mecting him in the ſame place) he cut off Tot” s head, and. carried it to the King 3 who hearing, the truth of that paſſage , gave unto Siward the Earldom of Huntingdon, which Tofti had poſſcſs-
Not long, after this, the Kingdom being much
Infeſted by the Danes, the great Men of the Land ; conſulting with the King,
did adviſe, That the little Devil ſhould bc fiſt expoſed to the great Devil, ( id ejt ) that this Earl Siward ſhould be placed upon that part of England, which was moſt like to be invaded by the Daxes : Whereup- on, the King committed to his charge the Counties of (Ueſtmeriand, Cumberland, and J20!= , [humberland 3; under which title of JNozthum- fierlanD, he had the Adminiſtration ® of that ,s. punts, Earldom from [Dumber to & weDe. All which «21. 34. n.:s, he governcd in Þ Peace, vitoriouſly ſubduing the gfe ug Kings Encmies; and afterwards ſent 4 his Son, 4 Jerval. called Osberne-Bulax, into Scotland, there to 7306 get what he could by Conqueſt : Who being there * - lain "in Battle, and the news thereof brought to this Earl Szward (his Father) he enquired * upon what part of his Body he hapned to have his Deaths wound 3 and being told , that it was pou the forcpart thereof 3 he (id, ® I am glad that my Son was worthy of ſuch an honorable Funeral, | Upon the Rebellion of Godwyne, Earl of Rent, he together with LMfric, Earl of Percia, came | v with a great power to the King ( Edward the « $.Dunzets; Confeſſor )- then at HlOUCefer. GOEY It hapncd likewiſe, that Egelric, Biſhop of © Durham, after he had ſate three years. Biſhop there, being expelled * by the Clergy, becauſe he x F1bia, cot, was a ſtranger, and not ele&ed by their conſent, 14 14, As addreſsing Y himſelf to this Earl Siward, and of- tering a large gift for his Protection and Favor, obtained the ſame ; Whercupon he compelled ? them to receive him again. But conſidering the loſs of his Son (as hath 4. 1054 ooon ) he —_ . vn > A into 6 Jorval. cole cottand, conquered ® Ki acbeth jm Battle, waſted the a way. and Cann b mech, fl. © it to his own power, conltituted 4 Malcolme,” Son 5< if $.9.3 tothe Ring of Cumberland in his ſtead. -* of folzog by And laſtly, Apparently diſcerning his Death % * 3* approaching, by reaſon of a Flux, he ſaid ©, Hoxp {Jorval ue am I aſhamed, that 1 did not die in ſo many Battles, adi but that I am reſerved thus to exſpire as a Beaſt ? Put on me therefore my Armor of Proof , gird me with my Sword, and reach me my Helmet : Let me have alſo my Target in my Lefi-band, and my Gilt Ax in my Right, that ſo, as the moſt valiant of Sol- aiers, I may die 45 a Soldier : For in ſuch ſort it be- (s + {9g comes a Soldier to die, and not as a Beaſt lying down f \40. t» depart. All which being done, he breathed f his {<f; ah laſt at POzk, in theyear 1055. (Anno 13 Regis /n.10, Ed, Conf.) and was there buricd # in the Cloy- & {terof the Monaſtery of Galmanho, which he 5. 2 ex- | had Þ Founded, | - ern nobit This valiant Earl had to Wife i Alfleda,Da
Ju/dem with, « 1K. Hoved,
f.243 b, n,49,
tcrto Aldr2d, Nate Earl of J2o2thumberland; & &1.:50v. by whom he left Iſſue I/altheef *, afterwards Earl {yn ot J202thtimbverland, as I ſhall ſhew anon. And £40 2)n.1s Fg, ſurriving : K-32
y ——_— +. i hn
»”
Ante Conq. Nore. '
D——
Ex Regi= ſurviving her, marricd 1 a Widow, called God- , (Ss give, who for the health of her Soul (by the con-
= /roueb. Pe- ſent of King Edward the Conteſſor) had given - & Cap, © ® tothe Abbey of Peterbo2ough two fair Lord- (inn ſhips, viz. Bighale and WBeoimeſtyorpe. **** Which Lordſhip of Righale , after her death, he obtained, by Agreement ® with the Monks, to yea during, his lite, -and then to return to the
Abbcy.
Of his Lands I find no other mention in the
_— = — —
— —
. » Domeliay Conquerors Survey ® then theſe, viz. (Utlebl, N Locyuſhum, Aclum. and Englebi, with the ſeveral Hamlets then belonging to each of them , J20ztthumberiand, Cumbertand,and TUeſt- merland, being at that time not 'Surveyed, by reaſon they had ; bon ſo waſted by Wars. An. 1056, © Upon thedeath of Siward , Tojti, P Fourth Cot, Sonto Godwyne, Earl of Rent, was made 4 Earl Few of J202thumberland by King Edward the Cen- n.1o. feſſor, An. 1056. (being the Thirteenth year of FF. $10b. bis Reign) by © reaſon that Waltheof, Son of Earl rj0. 4%. in Orward, being then but a Child, was not able to n, col 287, KOVErn. bs n. 60 This Tots was a Perſon of a very ſtout ſpirit, 7 will appear by what I'*ſhall farther fay of p im. Upon the death of Kinſi, Archbiſhop of Pork, £ | Aldred Biſhop of (Z{02Ceiier, being elected in - /(eol. 953 his.ſtcad, was accompanied * to rome by this '2 n.:o, Earl Tojti, upon his going to receive the Pall at < H-Knigh- the hands of Pope Nicbo4s the Second : Bur it ſo 1,/2336.n.zo hapned, that when they came thither, ſuch ex- | 40, ceptions © were taken againſi him, for ſome ex- * preſsions, that he was not only refuſed with dif- Lonioe but-in his return, robbed of all that he had. At which 7; being not a little moved, : boldly told ® his Holineſs, that his Excommuni- | ©. — *cations, which were laught at by Petty-Theeves and Robbers, who were near him, were not much to be feared in thoſe Countreys that lay faroff; and therefore required, That what the Archbiſhop had thus becn robbcd of, fhould be reſtored again, otherwiſe the loſs thereof would be imputed to His: fraudulency. Adding *, That when the King of England ſhould hear thereof, he would make a ſtop of the Tribute which was to be paid unto S, Peter 3 allcaging Y moreover, That it would bc accounted ap impious thing, that Aldred ſhould return back into his Countrey thus robbed and diſhonored. Upon which Speech, the Pope was prevailed with to give Aldred the Pall. An. 1064, © About three years after this, he accompanied 2H Him * his Brothex Harold in that Military Expedition «50-24, into CUAICS , wherein Prince Griffiz-was ſub- dued *® and ſlain. | Alt. 1065. But the next enſuing year, upon that unhappy ſcuffle, which fell out betwixt him and his Bro- ther, in the prefence *of the King at TUitnDloze, (whercof I have ſpoke in the life of Harold, he | grew ſo implacably enraged , that he forthwith p(Jepal., hafted® ro Perefo2D, where his Brother made'a eIv.o, A great entertainment for his Officers; and there
hnding them 'met together, moſt barbarouſly cut © off their Heads and Limbs, and put 4 them in- to thoſe Veſſels of Wine, Methe, ahd other Li- guors which were provided for that Feaſt, And havi
*) e {ton, 2337, y
whereunto he was going: For which execrable a, the King commanded that f he thould be forhwith baniſhed 3 and ſo he was, bcing alſo ex- pelld s J202thumbertand. by the gencral yoice
/ wn
ſo done, ſent © totell the King, that he | " ſhould find the Meat well powdered at the Feaſt |
OF ENGLAND: .
| TUinit, and there f exacted very much from
—_———
of the whole County , who wete not alittle cn- raged againſt him for the ſame : For further ag- gravation whereot, what I ſhall here add, did not a little contribute.
It hapned ®, that this very ycar (the-Fifth , © Dunelih, Nones of Odober) ſome Military Officers of 522 : dos thumberiand, with Two huhdrcd Soldicrs , iQ 2-4 1.44 came to P02k, and by reaſon of that horrid murs *#* ther of divers Gentlemen of their County, Ser- vants to Coſpatric, whom Queen Ed:yihe, for the ſake of this her Brother Tofti, cauſed to be killed in the Kings Court by treachery, upon the fourth night in Chriim.ſs , and for the ſake of others, whom, the preccding, year, this Earl 7 ſti had al-
lured into her Chambcr and nwthered 3 as alſo
for * the great Tribute, which he (the ſaid 1 ts) had extorted from the whole County of J02- thlim © rind. Theſe Officers, with the Two hundred Soldiers abovementioned, fell * upon the Servants and Retainers of Ear! Yofti at ÞOk, and there flew'! no leſs then Two hundred of ; . nia. fe them 3 broke open his Treaſury, and took ® all my WM that was t6 be found there. Whereupon the ; Q 46 b. n, whole County taking an Alarm , went ® to Has ?- ** rold (then Earl of the Weſt Saxons ) into J202: thumberiann, and to thoſe Honorable Perſons whom the King had ſent to keep Peace in that Country : But, though there, and afterwards at £rtuv, on Simon and Fudes day, all endeavors that could be , were uſed for pacification with this Earl Tojti, they unanimouſly oppoſed it ®, expelling P him the Countrey for theſe his tranſ- cendent Villanies z who thereupon , with his Wife fled 9 to Baldwyn, Earl\of 5 ianDers 3 and Wintering at S. w'Mers . continued * in thoſe parts until King Edwards dcath.
But not long after he got to the Iſle of
7 tid, col. , N hats
' fol. 210 b, r W. Malmesb, f.46 b. n,10, f ( R. Hoved, the Inhabitants 3 then came* to SgNowith and f F.. did the like at that Port : And hearing that his =( Brother Harold (then King) had prepared For- ces, both by Sea and Land, co go againſt him, he ſailed to the Coaſt ® of Kindicp in Lincoſn- ſhire, and there burning * divers Towns, made great ſlaughter of the people.
Whereupon Edwyne, Earl of Dercid (and Morkar his Brother) marched ?Y thithcr with an Army , which cauſed him to quit thoſe Parts, Sm and go into SCotiand *, where he continucd {<%;*'**: 2 with King Malcolme that whole Summer : And < /R Heved, afterwards, when he heard Þ that Harold Harfas ***57 % ger, King of J202way, was come to the Mouth of Tine, with more then Three hundred Sail of -
yoIbid. n 590,
Ships 3 he haſted © towards him with his Navy,
and entred Dumber with him 3 and there ſail- ing upwards into Duſe, Landcd 4 their Forces at Richale. Whereof King Harold having in- telligence, he forthwith marched © towards the * North 3 but before he got into Potkthire, Ed- d wyne and Morkar (before mentioned) with a con- fiderable Army-, gave them Battle f at a place
$, Duncla. el 1594, n, 29,
called Fulfo2D, on the North lide of the River
Dule. near Po2k, upon the Even of S. Matthias the Apoſtle, where ® many of the. Norwegians, 4 5. Howe. at the beginning of rhe fight, loſt their lives3 bur * 2197 * being not able to withſtand the power of ſo great an Army, as the King of $202wap and this Earl Tofti then had, they were forced to flee ® with
| no little loſs.
.
Howbcit, within five days after King Harold himſelf came with a powerful Army to Pozk, and mccting with the Enemy at Stanfmn
| Bridge,
fol. 256 b,
oe *
THE. BARONAGE
Oe <CSEC "TIES
E_ of Lincols;
bed A _
i Ibid,
þ Monaſt, An- hc, Val. 1. . 314, 1,60.
1 8 Dunelm, . co01,35. 1 60, ”l K. Hoved,
fol $93. a n, 45,
Dom:fd. liv,
—_—
Att. 1065. nzRhar,
r A, Duncim,
col, 193 nh.lo,
& col. :c4,
n. 45.
M 1h Weſtm,
| ( Kk. Hoves,
tvl.256 b,
N, 49,
| p1bid.f, 255 b,
n. 40,
n W Malm, \t.57V n 40;
1K Hoved. f.:$- b, 0.40.
ſ' W, Maim, $ ; tol. $$.
An. 1067.
* R., loved. t:x8a ul $: 20
£ . * 2 *
Bridge, aftcr a ſharpe and bloody conflict, ob- taincd the vitory : In which hght, the King of $202wap, and this Earl Ty: loſt * their lives.
Having thus traccd this haughty and turbulent ſpirited Earl, through ſundry turmoils, and miſ- chcivous praiſes to his death 3 all that I ſhall m.ore ſay of him, is , That he is aid * to be the fixlt Founder of the Monaltery of Tinmouth , and that having S. Cuthbert in great veneration, he was very munificent | to the Church of OUr- ham ; as -alſo, That he took to Wife ® Fudith, the Daughter of Baldwyn Earl of Flanders 3 but had no iſſue, -whereot I have ſeen men- tion.
Of ſuch Lands as this Toſt: poſſeſſed in King Edward the Contcſſors days , theſe are taken no- tice of in the Conquerors Survey, 71%.
192efton in Agmiundernefte, with divers |
Hainlcts then thercto belonging 3 Daltune with many Hamlets alſo belonging unto it : TUItune and {)ouUgUN, with divers Villages to them be- longing (all which I take to benow in LAanca- thice > Walegrit , Pamiburg, Cſtrop , 1320eſtwic, Opetone, and BieDiin, with divers Hamlets reſpefively to them appertaining in Pozkſhire ; Coſleham and Þ2adelie in CLiilt(hire ; Wlinesfo2d in Somerletſhire; J2erie in Nozthamptonſhire - Bodmelcel in ſ2ottinghamthire; Ftteburne in Suſſex ; Pannet in Berkſhire ; Begesto2d in Hart- (o:dſhire, Nedzeham, Buckel, and Fale- lie in Buckinghamſhire ; Daiffelle and Paictevoldes in Glouceſterſhire, Cotes in luntingdonſhire ; Poleſt, Kincurde, J20- noclle, Wieringetone, and Ernemude in DPantſhire; \592ecome., Antine, Affetune, and Freſcewatre, in the Iſle of TTght; and Stoches in Oxfozdſhire.
q Upon the expullion of Earl Toſti,, (as hath bcen obſirved) Morkar, the younger Son. to Al- gar, Ear] of Cheſter, was by King Edward the Confeſſor, conſtituted ® Earl of this Province.
That he, with his Brother Edwyne , routed 0 Toſt;, and Harold Harf.igar, King ot £202Wap, the preccding year, upon the Shore of Dumber, called Lindiey Coaſt, where he had landed, and made his Piratical Invaſion 3 and afterwards, that he, with his Brother Edwyxe, gave Battle to the King of J202way and Tots , upon the Northern fide of the River Duſe, ncar Pozk, where at the firſt on-ſct they had the better of the day , hath bcen already intimated in my Hiſtorical Diſcourſe of that Earl: I ſhall there- fore now procced with what I hnd farther ob- ſcrvable concerning him, which in brict is this 3
That withdrawing P himſclt from that memora- |
ble, Battle near Daſtings, in Suffer}, wherein King Harold was flain by Wilzam Duke of J202- mandy : He, with his Brother, Earl Edryue, came'1 to London, and ſollicitcd the Londoxers to make one of them King 3 which not ſucceed> ing, thcy carried * away their Siſter Algithz the Qicen, and ſent her to the City of Cheſter 3 and thence bctook himſclt (with his (aid Brother ) tof PUR, where Malcolme, King of Scots, with divers En/ih and Danes were got togethtr, as their only place of retuge 3 which ſo enraged the Conqueror, that * with fire and ſword he did ſoon atter almolt deſtroy that whole City. And the ycar next enſuing , carried. ® him over into J202 mandy, together with his Brother Edwyxe, and many other great Men,
—_
| Saltebt in Leiceſterſhire; and C
|
That King Wiliam reſtored * unto him this 7? Earldom, notwithſtanding he had cauſe enough
to doubt his hdelity, is ſure enough. : Howbeit, Morkar being, otherwiſe hindred wih great affairs,
' committed Y the Adminiſtration and that part y1vid. o, to,
thereof, which lieth North of Tine, unto 0-
ſulph, Son to Eadulfe , one of the Earls beforc- mentioned.
But his heart ſtanding not right to the Norman An, 1071,
Conqueror, he with his Brother Edmyne private- ly withdrew * themſelves from Court, under co- lour of advertiſement, That the King had a pur- pole to ſecure him, and broke ® out in Rebellion. And when his Brother. Edwyne was murthered by his own followers (as I ſhall ſhew, where I ſpeak particularly of him) he, with divers other perſons, diſaffected to King I wh , betook himſelf to the Iſle of Ely 3 ere,
ted. © to priſon yet when King William lay up- on his Death-bed, was again Commandment. But no ſooner had King Wiliam Rfus got the Crown, than he was again impri- ſoned *, and at length murthered f by ſome of his own Retinue. | |
Of any Wife or Iſſue that this Earl Morkar had, I have ſeen no Memorial 3 but in King E4-
ward the Confeſſors time, - he was poſſett 8 of e Domeld. lib,
theſe Lands, viz. Etſi"2wall, Pickering , CUlcſtun, CUartre, Dutfelt , Balſewic , oclinton, B2etlinton, Burtone, WUel- eton , with the Hauwlcts thereto belonging 3 Trecone, TUaliſe, Dlleie, . Bzanrone, Dvaeton, Scheltune, Folefo2d, Chilneſſe, cUrtmnes, Wapletone, Doneſſe , and Elintone , with divers Hamlets to them re- {ſpetively belonging, in the County of Potk, J2esſham, Tuange, Cuneet, CUrdine, J: teſhale, Catham , and Sudtone in Com. Salop: Caſtretone in Com. Rotel. UWeſtone in J202thamptonſhire Acttine and Hgilo in Cheſhire, Lene in Herefo2dſhirez Ro veſtune- in Staffozdſhire ; B2ockone and ] | herchebe, Thime, Bodebt, TUellingoure,Baſinghe- ham, Caſtre, Shillingtune, Colſtew2de, Cotes, Barewe, Strouſtune, co to: ches, Carletune, B2edeſtozp, TWeT-
Bf- tham, Boxtone, B2une, and Stapleton m Lincolnthire,
_
mt ._...
Earls of. Lincoln.
N 4n. 716. Egga was Earl of this County, | being then a Witneſs ® to the Charter of Kin
Ethelbald, granted to the Monks of Crous £485, bs,
land,
Earls of Cheſter,
716, Lenric or Leofric was Earl '6f An,
N An. Cheſter, and witncfs i to the Charter of
King Ethelbald, 'unto the Monks of Erott. +
land (of which Monaſtery that King was Found- er,) he is there called * Comes Leiceftrie 3 but the reaſpn 1s, becauſe the City of Cheſter was a1- tiently termed Urbs Legiomem 3 and for the: re- ſpc&-theretore in that mention. made of Zeofric
| Earl
after a 5 long Siege, he was at length taken, }and commit- ©
enlarged by his 4K. Hored.
i z bo
Ante Conq. Norm,
\ WW
OF ENGLAND:
Earlof Mercia, in King Edward the Confeſſors e1bid,{155 8, time, by R. Hoveden |, where he takesnotice of | his great munificence to ſeveral Religious Houſes 3 . - and in particular to that of S. Werburge the Vir- gin, he ſaith #r Legaceſtra fita, which is very well known to be intended of Cheſter , where the Abbey of S. Werburge was, and not in Let- Leſter. | | But of this Ear! Lexric or Leofric , IT can ſay
p - 'eEx Vet, no more , than that he had ® iſſue, Algar the A | MS. 24 firſt 3 and he® Algar the ſecond, and he ® Leo- 4 » | Flr. wi- fric the ſecond, and he ? Leofwine, Earl of Mer: L ns Jac: cia 3 of whom, and his Deſcendants, I have 4 5 ar= ſpoken under the title of Mercia, CArmach
Earls of Vilſhire.
'4n, $00, * Bout the year of Chriſt 800. Widtan or q _H, Hunt, Werſtan was Earl 4 of this Province, and fol. 197 Þ, ſlain * in Battle at Rinemeresfo2d , « <fthelwy, E. fghting againſt Earl Edelmund ; it being the firſt 4782, year of King Egberts Reign.
b, wa ] After him, ſcil. in An. 886. Fthelhelme WM; Ethclw. was Earl, who at that time carricd * a large ; f qv by ſum of Money to Rome , - which was colle&ted
iv; MI (£54:.0.50, ® from the people out of the ſeveral Dioceſs of England 3 bur in the firſt year of King Athel-
x (H. Hunt, zw/fs Reign, bcing, ſent * by that King with his
op ws. Army, to encounter the Danes at JIO2t (in
(hs, Þantſhire) he was ſlain ? in that Battle.
i h —_—
( Earles of Mercia.
F this Part of England antiently called Mercia, and containing *® the Counties of Glouceſter , Yerefozd , TUo2-
ceſter, Salop, Cheſter, Staffozd, Derby, Nottingham, Leiceſter, Lincoln, I2oz- thampton, CUarwick, Drfozd, Buckin-
ham, Huntingdon , and half of Bedfo2d-
- thire. Theſe following Perſons were heretofore
Earls, ts. | "An. $00. Hurgh firnamed the Great,who being Patron Þ of /Monaſt, the Priory of © FfwksSbury in Giotcerlhire,
5: © ByPs buricd © Brictric, King of the TUeſt Darons (in £ \g. 6o, the year of Chriſt 799.) in the Chappel of S. Faith,
the Virgin there, who alſo departing * this life,
in the year $12. licth © buried alſo m that F Monaſtery. |
An.833. * JT Not long after him was f Witlafe, Duke
£ Frye gh or Earl of Mercta, ſce!. An. 833. but ſoon aftcr
166
' advanced 8 to the title of a us An. $86. ©@ The next was Ethelred, unto whom the _ A. Hoved. fol. City of LONDON, upon the Reſtauration there-
*w. atm, by King Alfred (as the * cheif City of the Mer- fol, :4a,n.to, czans ) granted, with Ethelfleds his Daughter (Wife to this Earl Ethelred) in the year 886.
” This Ethelred xcbuilt the City of Cheſter S. Duvcim, # in the year 906,” and dicd' in the ycar 912. 15:.n.6. Affer whoſe death, Ethelfleda, his Widow, go- * M. weſtw, verned * this Province of Nercia ( excepting "9% «theCities of London and Drfo2D, which King Edward the Elder.,her Brother,retained in his own
hands) for many years with much Prudence. . She
ipipbes, was a Lady of ſingular endowments, excceding
R. Hoved.
16.
ph. 54
2414.9.30. , of, aftcrit had bcen deſtroyed by the Danes, was”
her firſt-born with much difficulty, ſhe devoted hcr mind to a chaſtc life, and exerciſes her CIC in the ſtructure of Towns and Caſtles ; as alſo in conducting of Armics, as if ſhe had changed her Sex. The places which ſhe built are ſaid to | be theſe , viz. B2unesblirgh, Sconale 3 HH, fob Buuge (now Buuggenotrth) in Shzopſhirez x22 > ® Tamwozth, Stattozd, Warwicz Cerce-
x
burgh (now Bonkskirby in the County of
CUarwick ). Wardebirh ; and Runcoven
(now Rutuncone in Cheſhire, and Edesbirh
(now' called The Chamber in t he Foreſt in that
County. ). She likewiſe beſieged Derby, and 1bid. f. 201 &
took it by aſſault 3. Md alſo Leiceſter.
This excellent Woman , with her Husband, |
Founded a Monaſtery in the City of Glou- Monaft, Angl:
ceſter 3 and tranſlatcd the Relicks of S. Offrald | *** nas
from the Abbey of Zardney in Lincolnthire
thither (which Monaſtery ſo Founded by them, An. 915:
was afterwards deſtroycd by the Danes : ) And
departing this life upon the +9 Kalends of Fuly, Rt. Hoved.
in the year of Chriſt 915. was ,buricd at H10U- 8 6%
Ceſtcr, in the Church of *'S. Peter. NY
There was no other iſſue of this Earl Ethelred
but one only Daughter, called Elwina, which 1bid.
he had by this famous Lady Ethelfledz his Wife 3
from whom, after the death of her Mothcr, King
Edward took all the Government of this Pro-
vince, ſending her into CUeſt Darony.
U Unto Ethelred, and that famous Lady F- x moved i
thelfleda laſt mentioncd, ſucceeded Elfere, a ncar 245 *. n.50,
Ally to King Edgar.
This Elfere outed thoſe Monks which King An. 976,
Edg4r had placed in divers Monaſtcries, and in- vid. t.:45 a-
troduced Secular Prieſts, who had Wives, in their
ſtead. In thc year 979. he came to CUcrham, v-ron. for.
where the Bo y of S. Edward, the Martyr, lay 264 b. n.40,
buricd 3 and cauling it to be waſhed, and adorn-
cd with new Veſiments, carricd.it to Shafts-
bury, and moſt honorably on Fr it in that
Abbcy. And in the ycar 983. departcd this An. 983:
life, R, Hoved, tol, TJ To hitn ſucceeded in the Government of ** © ****
this Earldom, Alfric his Son 3 who in the ycar
986. was baniſhed the Land by King Ethelred , An. 986.
but ere long, again reſtored : For in the year 991. H. Hunt, fol;
by the counſel of him and Athelward ( another 54,2: 3: 39;
Earl) it was, That a firm Peace was made with 245. n.1o.
the Danes, and an ycarly Tribute yielded to them nn rang
as a Compoſition, that thenceforth they ſhould © * ©
forbear their uſual Inroads and Rapines: How-
beit, bearing in mind his formcr baniſhment, he
ſuffered himſelf to be taken * ina hght at Sca by * 11. Hunt,"
the Danes, through hi: own treachery 3 and fol. 205 a.
from-that time, was never faithful in his hcart to * ©
the King: For in the year 1003. upon another 114 f. 2c b,
invaſion of the Danes, coming up to Exeter , ®.Voves. fol.
after he had raiſed tht power of Pantſhire and *%. 1.1m fu,
Wiltſhire, to encounter then in Battle, feign- 35 3: & 14%.
ning himſelf tobe ſick, he betrayed his own Army, _
whereby. the Danes made no little ſpoil in thote
parts. .,
But after this he had the reward of his , 1... c1
treachery, being, lain in Battle at EfſeSDUNE 24 2. n.30, «
in EfleL, fighting on the part of King Edmund
Ironſide, againſt King Canute, through the trea-
chery of that perhdious Eadric Streona (of whom x ewes,
T ſhall ſpeak anon ) who betrayed the Engliſh ””%
Army at-that time to the Danes, as this A/fric |
had done before near Ereter, Nor did he Icave Ang tk
any Iſſue but one Son called Algar, whoſe cyCcs H. Hum, fol,
were. put out for his Fathers treachery: 5 IS
og
n.3o& 40, Che antient Amazons 3 for, having brought forth
q Tg
- »] - =
p 5
®-— — ——
8
CU HO IE LED
OY a1. 1 CC 4 * s R. Hover, fovi. 47 2 F Jorva X P! tol, * $7 1, .n. 1O « Ingulph,fol. $07 4,% 30, H Huor.
foal 204 b, F n. 15, R Hove,
tol,2 47 a+
F1._ Han. fol.
2 57 4: nR Hoved, f.
< To this treacherous Alfric, ſacceeded Eric |
frnamed 2 Streane (Uncle? tO Gyamryne, and of mean © Parentape )a-ptrſon 9 of the greateſt power of any next to the King, and of molt intimacy with King Eth-lred > as allo with Sm”, King of iDetmark, and with Carte his Son 3 being, advanced *to this Earldom in the lite time of the ſid Alfric, by King, Eth-Ir-d, in the year _ the Twenty nincth of KinggEth: lIr:4s Reign. © HC was a Man fo tranſccndently wicked, that one of our ancientclt Hittorians, and of. greateſt credit
ives him this enſuing, Character , 722. Fax | dcrwhay > That he was the very dregs of Men 3
a wicked deſtroyer, >
the dithnrior of the Enghth 3
ſubtle Knave, wh'ſ: Noblen ſt bad mt obtaine1 him
wealth, but his bild language : He'always lay 14 wait to decrive , ant ws ready prepared to cheat : He ait»1d:d the Kinrs Councils as a faithful Perſon, but diſcloſed them lite a Traytor. Being often ſent to the Kinzs Enemies 45 4 Mediator for Peace, he kin dl:4 ths Flame of War, whoſe perfidionſneſi appear- ed up all occaſions in this, and the ſucceeding Kings dave. Thus far his Charattcr 3 now to. his Yractilcs. : In the ycar 10c9. he, with falſe reports, - dif- ſwaded the King from giving Battle to the DMs. ;
In Ar. 1015. hc deccitfully alluring Sifzrd and Myr-bere ( two amincent Noblemen ) into his
*DChmbcr, cauſcd them to be ſecretly murthered.
R. loved. {2:8b, n,y0,
col.” J, n,qt0.
1611. col,15 4,
The ncxt ycar- following, he molt pertidiouſly went over to Canzt?, King of wOennark, with Forty Ships, and joyncd with him : And palhng te River of THames with him, at Trekelade in G:ouceſterſhire , cntrcd the Province of ceraa with an Army, and defiroyed divers Towns in CClarwickihire. Whercupon King Edmund raiſcd all the power he could, and-mct them at a placc called SCrarſtan 3 but this per- tidious Eadric, with othcrs of his party ,* who ought to-have afſiltcd the King, joyning with the Enemy, brought over the Dantſhire and TTillt- lire Mcn to that fide: Notwithſtanding all which, the Kings Army fought ſoctoutly, that they hood their ground 3 and the enſuing day had uttcrly routcd the Drs, had it not been for a ſubtile ftratagem of this wicked man who {ccing, the peril whercin they were, cauſed the licad of a man called Ofmear, which in the tace, and colour ot his hair , the King, and littcd it up on high, crying to the Envlith, Toe fight in win adding, Tor £)0NEE, <-£uOn , 4:4 CCUItfhire-mcen , yorr Head 3s gone , therefore haſten away quickly > behold the
' Head of your King, which 1 have in my bands ;
therefore betake your ſolves to flight as ſoon as yore ea. Which cunning, and deccittul practiſe fo wrought upon mary, that thcy immcdiatcly flcd-: But the contrary bcing, ſoon diſcerned, the relt fought on (.\ Iroutly, that they had the bctter of the day : So that Care, with his broken Army, retreated in the night towards LONDON : Which good ſuc- cls, gave ich a great reputation to the King, that he increaſed his Army cxcccdingly , and mwarchcd back into CCIeſt Daronys infomuch, as Ei4ri- prowing, apprehenlive of his danger, betrook hiniUlt to his uſual art of difſimulation and treachery again 3 and mwadc-mcans to the King, that he might be rcccived into his pro- ECON þ
would thonectorth approve hin:(elt taithful co
Tam, And accordingly, That he might have the
_—
—FE BARONAGE
E. of Mercia.
was ſomewhat like to *
pronihing with all afſ;rance, That he
þctter credit, 'did for a while give him ſuch af: :
ſiſtance, that he raiſcd the Siege which the Danes had made againſt the City oft London 3 and worltcd them fo in ſundry places, that they were conſtrained to retreat to their Ships 3 and had not this treachcrous Eadric hindered the purſuit at Eangels!o2D, where they were routed, the Victory there had bcen abſolute. Howbeit, that opportunity thus loſt, and the Danes getting, all their ſtrength together 3 the King, with his whole powcr encountring them at QAffandune- in CGliter, might then have put a period to the diſ- pute, but that this perhdious 0 diſcerning, that at the hr{t onſet he was liRe to have the better of the day, molt trayterouſly fled with all that part of the Engliſh Army, whereof he had the conduct 3 fo that the remainder being ex- poſed to the fury and cruelty of the Danes, was utterly routed , many of the Engliſh Nobility thereby loling their lives, having never had the like loſs in any Battle.
Nor was this wicked Eadric yet ſatisfied, but to compleat his execrable deſign of deſtroying the King himſelf, conſpired his murther, which he cauſed his Son to effect by a Knife ſtricken up into his Fundament , when hs went to caſe na- ture. And having thus done, he preſently went to the Queen, who being ignorant of the matter, took her two Sons Edward and Edmund, and de- livercd them to Cannte.
What expcCtations this ambitious Man then had of farther advancement and reward from Canute, tor all his moſt horrid and nefarious ex- ploits, is not hard to imagine 3 but theſe being ncither ſuch, ſo ſoon as looked for, moved him to expoſtulate thereupon with Canute, and at length to upbraid him with thoſe his ſervices 3 which fo exaſperated Canute, that he ſaid, For- aſmach as thou haſt with thy own mouth acknowledg- ed thy ſelf guilty of murthering thy rightful King, and Natural Lord, thou haſt judged thy ſelf , and
thereupon, cauſing him to be bound hand and
toot, commanded that he ſhould be thrown into the Thames, and drowncd ; which was. ac- cordingly done., fcaring otherwiſe, that himſelf might be deftroyed ſome time or othcr by his wicked treacherics. Others report that Cannte ſaid thus, .Becauſe thor haſt, by this fa&t, thought to pleaſe me , T1 will advance thee higher than all the Noblemen of England ; and that thercupon he commanding his Head to be cut off, ſet it upon a Pole on the higheſt Gate in LOonDon, and his Body to be caſt without the Walls of the City. This perhdious Eadric had to Wite Edp ythe, Daughter of King Ethelred, Son of King Edgar ; and by her that only Son , who was the Mur-
—
Ibid, ecl.175-
H- Hun. fol, 268 b,
H. Kniohton, col, 2317," 9,
1®, Jorval. col. 907 «
Ibid, col, 9ob.
Ingalphus, f.507 4a, n, 49+
Jorval. ut ſuprz,
-
H. Hune. fol.:207 a, v Ibid, f,208 b,
therer of King Edmund Iroafide,; as hath becn if-"
rcady obſcrvcd.
JT To him ſucceeded in this- Earldom of Dercta, Leofwine , defcendcd © from Leofric, Earl of Leiceſter cor rather Cheſter) in the time of King Ethelbald; of which Leofwyne, 1 nnd no othcr mention, than that he was Earl of
this Province of Mercia 3. and: that he left Th
Iſſue thele three Sons ," viz. Leofric, who was attcrwards alſo Earl of Merciaz Norman, a
powertul Friend and ſpccial Agent, for the Monks :
ot Croinand, being the greatcſt of all the Mi- litary Othccrs bclonging to Earl Eadric beforc- mcntioncd 3 as alſo his® Sheriffs , and murther- a © with him in the year 1018. though fault- '.ts, And Edmyze, awitncſs 9 to the Charter of
King
14
H, Knightong ft.2 334. t.40, a Monaſt, . Anglic, fol. 304 b, n,309, Ingulphus, fol.5 c7 4»
. 39, Ib1d.f.518 b. n, 20,
$4e=e" 7
fol. 5ct 1, I n.:9, tcl,
Ibid,
$0 4.7 *
a.% +0
tony
. 908.
uf, N, 49«
ur
[—_—
ante Conq. Nor.
—_—
aNR. Hoved,
_
,
# f
fol. 2:55 2- þ 14id. fol. 250 b. n,zO0.
An. 1919-
© W. Malmsb. fol. 44 Þ. 949-
H, Knighton, fol. 23:5, N. $0.
An. IO041, S. Danelm, col, 1$1 a. n, 290.
H. Knighton, col. 2329, N, 10»
An. IO5 Is S. Dunclm, col, 184.
n. $9,
Chron. MS. Joh. Rous in Bibl Cotton. P- 121,
R. Hoved, f. 254 b, n.5o,
Fol, 265 2,
H. Knighton, col 2318, n. 40,
W. Malmesb. vl l65 a, n.,. 209,
« * Co'. 389, p, Jorval. { <v1. 949,
n,zo,
-
King Canute, made to the Monks of Ctouland in An. 1032»
This Leofric was Earl of Cheſter * in the timc of King Ethelred , and-made * Earl of Mercia (by the title of Dax) by King Canute,for his Bro- ther Normans ſake , who was undeſcrvedly killed (as hath been ſaid) being afterwards very much beloved by that King.
He is by ſome of our Hiftorians called-© Earl of Derefv2D , but that was (I preſume) by rea- ſon of his reſidence at IDereto2D ſometimes, (it having been uſual in former times to call thoſe pcrſons Earls of ſuch places, whereat they did reſide, as is evident in thoſe of Strigutl, fA- riundel, Tutbury, and others, though they were Earls of certain Counties, in or near wherc- unto thoſe Caſtles where they lived then , ſtood.) |
Upon the death of King Cannte, there being no little controverſic amongſt the great Men of the Land, touching the Succeſſion to the Crown, this Noble Leofric, with other principal perſons on the North of Thames, advanced Harold- Harfot, Son to Canute, unto the Throne. And in the year 1041. there being an Inſurrcction at CClooceſter, in reſpect of a General Tax im- poſed by King Hardi-Canme , he, together with Godwyne, the TUeſt Saron Earl, and Simard Earl of J202thumberland, was ſcnt to appcaſe the ſame.
And upon the death of Hardi-Canne , was one-of the cheif that raiſed King Edward the Confeſſor (at that time in J202Mmandy ) to the Crown. Morcover, in' the year 1051. upon the Rebellion of the ſame Earl Godwyne ; he, with Earl Siward came with great Forces to the King, then at Glouceſter,
This Earl Lesfric was a perſon of ſingular Piety : About the beginning of King Edwards Reign, he Founded a great Monaſtery at CT0- ventry, and then endowing it with no Icſs than
Twenty four fair Lordſhips 3 fo far inriched it
with {everal Ornaments, as that there was not to be found in any Religious Houſe of England, ſo much Gold, Silver, Jewels, and precious Stones, as In It,
Nay, William of Malmsbury affirmeth, That it was inriched and bceautihed with ſo much Gold and Silver, that the Walls ſeemed too narrow to
' contain it 3 inſomuch,, as Robert d* Limeſie, Bi-
ſhop of Coventry (for ſo he was then called, though afterward LeiChfielD was added to the Title) in the time of King William Rufus, ſcraped from-one Beam which ſupported the Shrines, Five hundred Marks of Silver. Nor was this all 3 tor it appears, that Egelzoth, Archbiſhop of Canterbury, in his return from Rome, at Javia there purchaſed the Arm of the famous S. Auguſtine, (ometime Biſhop of Pippo , for which he gave no leſs than'an Hundred Talcrits of Silver, and one Talent of Gold 3 and for the love which he bore to this Earl Leofrzc, ſent it to this Religious Houſe 3 which precious Relick was placed in a Silver Shrine.
One thing more, very memorable , Azilredus Rievallenſis * in his obſervations upon the life, ard miracles of King Edward the Conteſſor, doth rc- port 3 viz. That this devout Leofric, upon a time, attending that*pious King near the Altar inthe Abbey - Church of S. Peter, at CU{eſtminſter, which he had Founded 3 at the elevation of the
CC — CC n—_
Holt, beheld the Real Body of Chriſt ſtanding on
'OF ENGLAND.
—— - OO D002 CS OS —
the Floor, and with his right hand depicting the Sign of the Croſs upon Kirg t award; And that
ſtepping towards the King tolet him know wher
he had ſeen . The King. {a1d, Stand jtil Lcotyick, ftand ſtill T fre that mhbich thou (cert. Allo, that aftcr Maſs was ended, he farthcr ſaid, My L995
fric, I do comurre thee, that fo log as we? love thee
dt not reveal this , I*# the credit ther oof (hould ſuffer throngh the emul.1tion of Vabelizvers , where-
| unto he obeyed. But to the end, that the truth of
this Miracle might not be conccalcd trom poltc- rity, wrote the particulars thereot in a Schedule, and delivercd it to a Monk ot CCiOtilicr, with command , That it ſhould be pvt into 3
Shrine, and not opencd until after the death of
himſclt, and the King. . This good Earl Leofric took to Wite Þ Cot
(a moſt. beautitul and devout Lady ) Sift © tO) one Thorold, Sheriff of LINCOLijirf, in thoſe days, and Founder of Spalding Abby 3 as alſo of the ſtock 9 and lincage of Thorold, Sheriff of that County, in the time of Kornlph, King of £Yercia 3 * which Counteſs Golera bearing an extraordinary affection to the City of © ELe:2- try, often and carncitly beſought her Husband, that for the love of God and the Blefſed Viryin, he would free it from that gricvous {ervitude whercunto it was ſubjcEt : But nc,rbuking, her fir Importuning him in amatter ſo 4nconliltcnt wit! his proft, torbad hcr to move>any niore therc- in ? tinacy, continucd to ſollicitc him, inſomuch, that he told her , if ſhe would ride on Horsback naked, from the one end of the Town to the other, in the ſight of all the people, her rcqucit ſhould be granted 5 whercunto ſhe returned, Et
will yore give me leave ſo to do 7 And he rcplyins, *
Tes. The noble Lady, upon an appointed day, got on Horsback naked with-hewHair looſe 3* to that it covercd all her body but the Leps. / And thus performing, the journcy, returned with joy to hcr Husband 3 who thereupon grantcd to the Inhabitants of that City-a Chartcr of / Freedom from Scrvitude, Evil Cuſtoms, and /Exa&tions. (A ſervitute, & Malis Cuſtumis, &/F x2Gtiiontb.«, faith Forvallenſir,) Which Immunity I rather conceive to have bcen a kind of Manumitſon from ſome ſuch ſervile Tenure, wherchy they then held what they had under this: great Ear], than mcerly a Freedom from all manner of Tcl), except Horſes , as H. Knighton athims, and as the vulgar Tradition is 3/ in mcmory whereof, the Pifturc of him and his Lady were ſet up in a South Window of Trizity Church in that City, about King Kichard the Seconds time, in Its right hand holding a Chartcr, with theſe werds writtcn thercon.
I Luriche, for th love of thee, Do make Covcntricy Toll! free.
This excdlent Lady Crd:va was city in- ſtrumental in the Foundation of that Monaticry at @ Oventrey, ſo pertormcd by Earl Le ric her
Husband, as hath bccn obſerved 3 tor Ingulphus
faith, that it was Irftigants wore ſa, At the in- ſtance of .his Wife : And hcor f(t ſo munihcert
Neverthelcſsſhc, out of her Womaniſh pcr-.
N.Tw -
F.;
n $f,
/ - 74 ou .
" /
/
thereto, that ſhe gave ® her own whole Ticafure, , 5/4 vir and ſent tor <kiltul Goldſmiths 3 who, with ail $44 +.
the Gold and Silver The had , nade Croſles,
fg
Images of Saints, and other curious Ornan.cuts'/
which ſhe devoutly diſpoſed thereto. / - > Nut
/
P,
f | | y :
IO
THE BARONAGE
—
E. of Mercia
hn —
Monaſl. An.
lic, Vol, 8, Fi61 a,
A Hove! fol. £4 b, n,$9.
W. Malmsb, fol. 44 b, n, 43,
Domeſd. in uldem Cow,
Ab. S*LEL
Invulphus, fol.; 10 b, TAK Jorval, col. vos. .
An. 1055»
K Hoved, fol, :54 4,
n. 40, Hu Hunt fol. 2104, n. io,
R Novel. ut
ſupra, & n.50,
Lvid. t.254 D,
1b:), n, 20,
An. 1057+,
« H. Hun:. fol. : 10 a. Mm. 20,
An. 1055S, d. S.Duncim.
« col, 185, n\:40. Ineviph.
fol (11 a.
An. 1059. gs | Ibid, p,30, | *
Nor did her zcal to Gods Service terminate here: For beſides this, ſhe Founded the Mona- ſtery of Stow, near Lincoln, dedicating it to the Bleſſed Virgin, and endowed it with the Lordſhips of J2ewark, Flatburgh, and Yar- tinewelle ; giving poſſcſion of them by a fair Jewel, and rich Bracclets curiouſly wrought. (as
hcr Chartcr imports,) whercunto were witncſles |
King, Edward the Confeſſor himſelf , Alared Archbiſhop of Pozk , W1fwi Biſhop of D0!-
cheſter, Earl Leofrick her Husband,' with diyers |
more great Earls and others. |
The dcath of this Noble Leofruc was at his Mannor of 1320Mmleage in Com. .... /-» upon the ſecond Kalcnds of September , in the ycar 1057. (13 Edw. Conf.) and his Sepulture in that Monaltcry at Oventrey, of higown Founda- tion 3 unto which, he bequcathed his Body to be buricd , giving therewith a-great quantity of Gold and Silver. ;
Of his Lands, I find no other mentioned in the Conquerors Survcy, than theſe only, viz. Attone, Nunetune, -and (Witechellaw in Com. 9alo:. 4
Nor of the Noble Lady Godeva his Wite, then theſe z J2ewerch, 1202mantone, Cltoches, and certain Lands in Ftadburg in J2ottin-
hamſhire > B2otune in TUoxceſterſhire ; 3zanteftone, ]Penne,and Yolefley in Stat- fo2dlhire ; He, Lildeſtone, and Ap- plebp in Leiceſterſhire; Atleſpede, Ader- ſtone, Ard:eſhille, Þanſley, Chinesbery, Uneſty, Fochewell, and Coventrey in TUarwtickſhirs. c.
To him ſucceeded in this Earldom his eldeſt Son Algar , of whom I may not omit what is mcmorable, whilſt his Father Earl Leofric was a- livc.
In An. 1053. (10 Edw. Conf.) Harold Son to |
Earl Godwyne coming to cnjoy the Earldom of the TUerſt Sarons,. upon his Fathers death, quittcd his intercſt in the Earldom of the -Caſt S\rons to this Algar. Morcover, about two ycars after, this Algar, was (upon dcliberation had in a great Council held at London) baniſhed by King kdward, for what- particular cauſe is not ſaid, but for Treaſon in gecncral.
Whereupon he wafted over into Treland, and ſoon after, returning, with Eightcen Ships as a Pirate, incited Griffin, Prince ot (Ulales, to take
' part with him. Whercunto Griffiz conſenting,
thcy invaded {)ErctorDihire with a Rebellious Army+ flew and routcd all thbſe Forces which R alph, Earl of Perefo2D , had raiſcd to oppoſe them and having ſo done, marched to Dere- fo!d, where by Firc and Sword, they did no little milchcift. Ot which, the King having notice, he preſently ſent Hardd, Earl of the Tet SAarons, againit them with a great power 3 but by mediation of ſuch as interpoſed, all being quicted , Al/g.r was admitted to the,Kings pre- fence, and had his Earldom (ſciſcd *on for this his Rebcllion) reſtored to him again.
Attcr this, about two years Earl Leofiic his Father departing the World , he ſuccecded ® in this Earldom 3 howbcit, the next enſuing ycar being baniſhed Þ® again, he loſt it but by thc help © ot Griffn, Prince of CCIalrs , and the J202wap Flcer, which came to him uncxpected- ly Y he rcobtained it 5 and within a Twcdlve Moneth attcr, departing this-9 lite, was buried ©
in-the Monaſtery at Coventrey, ncar to the
Grave of his Father 3 leaving Iſſue (but by whom I have not ſcen) two Sons, Edwyne, who {ucceed- ed him in this his Earldom 3 as alſo Morkar, Earl of J2o2thumberiland, (of whom I have ſpoke elſwhere 3) and two Daughters, Algitha f, Wife of Harold, Earl. of the Cdleſt Sarons , (and afterwards King of England.) and Lxci2 (who was at length ſole Heir to her two Brothers) firſt Married ® to Ivo Talbois (a potent J2o2man )) Earl of Anjou 3 ſecondly, to ® Rogere de Ro- mare ( Son of Gerold ;) and thirdly, to' Ranwlf, Earl of Cheſter, the firſt of that name.
ſeſs in King Edward the Confeſſors days, theſe are Recorded in the Conquerors Survey 3 12. Clive, Wiclet, Boctone, and Ferendone, in J202thamptonſhire ; B2otone in J2ot- tinghamſhirez Celdefo2d, Phincingeteld,
manna, and Hleſtingethozp in Eflex , Mer- law in Buckinghamſhire G2anteſodene in Duntingdonſhire 3 Alrewas, Scandone, Certeley, Wiſtanſtone, Pinchetel, Row- ceſtre, Crachemers, TUotoche , era,
tone, Lee, Rugely, Medeveld, Chenet, Cletozd, Chenevare , gham, Cliſtone, Ozayton, Opewas, Þe- rulveſtone, Claverlege, J2o:Dlege, Alvt- delege, CUrteld, Segleſley, and Penne in Statfozdſhire > Lidlintone, MWozdune , Bcelgp, Nelleburne , Evresdone, and Badburgham 'in Cambeidgeſhire 3 PÞe- mesby. in Nozfolk ; Tite, Luctone ,
in Lincolnſhire.
To this laſt mentioned Earl Algar, ſucceeded Edwyne his eldeſt Son, in this Earldom (Edward the Confeſſor being dead, and Harold, the Son of
whom, that which is moſt memorable, IL. ſhall here relate : viz; That when Tofti Earl, of J201- thumberland, had Landed on Lindſey Coaſt (in Lincolnſhire) with his Rebellious Forces 3 he, with the help of Morkar, his Brother, did beat him out of that Countrey : And ſoon after this, moſt couragiouſly gave Battle near Pozk, unto Harold Harfager, King of J202wap (who then _ invaded the Land ) though without ſuc- ccls.
And, though it doth not direQly appear, that he was in that notable Battle at Stanfo2D- BUKNK in Pozkſhtre with King Harold, which
phapned within five days after, wherein that King of J202wap was lain 3 yet it may be very well
preſumed that he was , in regard thatafterwards wg k himſelf from giving aſliſtance to King Harold in that fatal Battle ,
after enſued with Wil:am, Duke of J20zmandy, upon his invaſion of this Realm 3 the reaſon of ſuch his deſertion is inſtanced, wiz. (Not for any well-wiſhes he had to Duke William , but) for that King Harold had detained from him his ſhare ot the ſpoils got in* that fight at Stanfo2d- 4252KK : For no ſooner did he and his Brother Morkar hear, that the Norman Duke was Con- qucror, and that King Harold was ſlain 3 but
that both of them haſted I ro Landon, and there ſollicitcd ® the Citizens to make one of them King : Ot which attempt, finding no fruit, they took ® their Siſter Alzy:ha the Queen (Wife to* flain King Harold ) and ſent 9 her to Thefter, S Hr
themſelyes ſpeeding toy Dok 3 where Malcolme _ | | King
Of the Lands which this Earl Algar did poſ- .
Earl Gedwyne having made himſelf King ) of
$ Ingulph, ol. 513 a,
'b Job, Tine-
Weſtrefeld, Phenſtade, Badwen, Oon--
era ati -
Gapenat, Fleote, Polobech, and Spalling-
R, Hoved, fol, 256 b, n. 49.
An. L066, Ibid.
H, Hunt, fol, 210b, n.30,
Ingulph, fol,
£13 a+ De k0,
{ H. Knigh-
1 © A col. 3 which ſoon __ 34
2
2 C Jorral., col. g61, Y !
mm—_—
f
Ante Conq. Norm,
OF ENGLAND. |
cy
. {bid ry
#2 - Fg Hoved. & f.258 a, 8 3 Ibid,
col, 1702, B, n, 50.
5 Ord, Vit, 74 $11 A, «l
þ , R.Hoved. fol. 258, n, 19, Ord. Vir, :
506 BD. H. Knigh- ton, col.
2343, n,60,
e \ Ord, Vit. Son A.
f 257 b, no,
4 Ths. Stubbs.
King of Scots, with divers Engliſh and Danes were got 4 together;as thcir only place of Refuge which ſo enraged the Conqueror, that with Fire and Sword he thereupon almoſt deſtroyed © that whole City,
All therefore being in the Power of the Con- queror (for ſo Duke Wiliam was thenceforth called) this Earl with his Brother Morkar, and divers others at Berkamſted in Dertfo2d- ſhire, ſubmitting * themſelves, ſwore * fealty to him, and. were thereupon with many fair words, received * into veoteica 3 and not only ſo, but were preſent * at his Coronation : Nay, this Earl Edwyne was aſſured Y by the King,that he ſhould have his Daughter in marriage howbeit, through * the deceittul Council of his Normans, there was no * performance of that promiſe 3 but inſtead thereof, in Lent following , when the Conqueror went into J202Mmandp, he would not truſt theſe great Men behind him, but took b them, and mel of the principal Engliſh Nobility (from whom he feared miſcheif in his abſence) along, with him.
Which hard dealing provoked © this Earl Ed- wy? and his Brother Morkar ( who wete very popular and well beloved ) to break out by a new Inſurre&tion , wherein they had many fol- lowers 3 as alſo 9 the Prayers of the Lay-
' Clergy and Monks, with the continued well-
e Ibid, B.
-
066.0 :!
+ \lbid. 521, \r, fol, _ BY
n.30,
b, fol,
N» 19,
»: Ibid, B.
Mains 58 4, | = 114d. C.
wiſhes and ſupplications of the” poor, for their better ſucceſs in that enterpriſe: Such was the then general diſcontent throughout the Kingdom, by reaſon of the miſerable oppreſſons exerciſed by the Normans. To the alliſtance © of which
Earls, Blidon King of (Uales, their Nephew, -
came alſo with a numerous Army. |
But King Wiliam, wiſely foreſceing the dan- ger, cauſed f narrow ſearch into all places to be made 3 and forthwith fortified ſuch £ which might be of any advantage to his Enemies : So that this our Edwyne and his Brother Morkar , conſidering, the ſucceſs of their attempts to be dubious, ſought ® for favor 3 which being grant- ed i but in ſhew, Morkar betook * himſelf to the Iſle of Ely, whence he deſigned, in caſe he ſhould not be able to defend himſelf, to get away by Sea. Whereupon | the King drew down Forces to beſiege him, but withal, imployed de» ccitful Meſſengers to treat with him, from whom he had no little aſſurance, that if he would ſub- mit, he ſhould be received into the condition of a faithful Friend 3 unto which, he giving over- much credit, came peaceably out, and yielded himſelf; but the King reſolving to truſt him no
more, conveyed him to cloſe and perpetual im-
priſonment. Whereof when Edwyne heard, he determined m to releaſe him or loſe his life 3 and to that end endeavored, - for full ſix Moneths ſpace, to get aſſiſtance from ,the Scots, Welſh, and Engliſh , but before he could accompliſh any thing there- in, three Brothers, who were his principal Mili- tary Officers, and ſuch as in whom he repoſed great truſt, betrayed him to the Normans, | by whom, with Twenty Horſmen, being pent up
_ in ſuch a place;with the Tide, that they could
not eſcape, valiantly defending himſelf , he lof his lite. WES.
Whoſe death was not only much lamented by the Engliſh, but by the French and Normans, in regard he was ® of ſuch a Noble Extraction, and of ſo devout Parents 3 as alſo a Perſon very
beautiful , and an eſpecial lover of the Clergy, Monks, and Poor-people. So that, when the King hinielf heard by- what treachery his life was loſt, being compaſlionately moved, he wept 3 baniſhing thoſe that betrayed him, inſtead of re- warding them as they expected. . Ot any Iſſue or Wite that he ever had, 1 have ſeen nothing 3 but of the Lands whereof he was poſſeſt in King Edward the Confeſſors days, i En " Survey Recordeth theſe-z viz. :YUuertone, Potune, Cyelliinghes Catrice, Aſcam, Chipelſch, Ledeſtune? Laſtone, and Trapum, with divers Hamlets belonging to each of them in Pozkſhire 3 Ciminſtre, Fo2de, Elleſmales, Archeſon, Clalitone, Dodintone,Stratune, Stodefl-
| canes Crugetone, Oodetune, Celmeres,
Wiche, Langefo2d, and [tvegdgne, in - B02oplhire 3 ub1ge Olulveſtune, ia Derviſhire ; Wivrch.m, Eſtham, Yaclesfeld, /DOptone; Beddes- feld, Burwardeſtone , Þurdingebecy , Pontone, Ferentone, Alburgham, Haoz- dine, Radintone, Dodeſtune, Roelend, and Bilcopeſtrey in Cheſhire, and part of J202th Wales 3 Beemeſgrave, wich Eigh- teen Hamlets at that time thereto belonging 3 Oodelep, WBeneſlep, and Feccehain, in (Uorceſterſhire ; Suchelp, in Þereto2d- ſhire 3 pales, »2adeley, Bernertone, A- betone, Littni, Belintone, Burtone, Delchemoze, enelre, Mutone, Al- verdeſtone', U{laveſtone, Ricardelcote, and Monetbile, in Staffo2dſhire > lo. cheſham, and Edburgebery, in Drfo2d: ſhire 3 and Chirchetone in Lincolnſhire.
Ye SCN
te en. |
Earls of Somerſet.
«
He firſt Earbof this Shire , of whom, I 4,, g, find mention, was Hun z who being in 3. . the * Battle at El[endune, berwixt aCEthetw, Febirbt, King of the eſt SArons, and Beor- #4 56 xulf, King of Mercta, In Ar. 823. was there * ©? ſain ®, and his Body buried ©at CUUnCheſter,
In the year 845. Earnulf was Earl of this Ay. 845. County 3 who'joyning 9 with Oſric, then Earl «FM. Welt, of Do2let,and Aitane Biſhop of Dhirebarne, {1 neo*® gave Battle © to the Danes at JIeD2edeſmuth, ; where they obtained a great gg f over thoſe Pagans. But all that I have ſeen farther of him, is,, That in the year 854. he conſpired 8 with A». $54. the ſaid Biſhop of Shtreburne, againſt King gC ». wet.. Athelwolf,, (then at Rome) and had cauſed * his _—_ younger Son Aelfred to be Crowned by Pope ; Leo; determining i to oppoſe his return again into
England 3 partly * for that in ſo doing, he had + hw endeavored to deprive his eldeſt Son Erhelbald * of his Right, to Toca him ; and partly ! be- cauſe in his return he had wedded Judith, Daugh- ter to Charles, then King of France, Earls of Dorſer. He firſt Earl of this Province, that I find, *n dy 2 is Aethe{belme , who in the year 838, _ineovem (King Egbert then v9 4%. ) after an /thebw. honorable Victory , which he had ® upon the #708. | C 2 D anes tf
I2
THE BARON
A AAA At
AGE
» Erhelwerd, f 47% b. n.1o.
An. $45:
or M Weftm, v9 A.N45,
<.v Hoved.
q <0 tol.237 a.
n. 29,
f$, Dunelm, col, 140. n.z09,
1 W. Mailmsb: fol. 162 a, D, 49.
An. $51.
uw $. Dunel.
\ col. 138: n io
HH. Hun:,
Y Pr # 199 L,
Rh. 40,
ys Fih*e by, fi i gtob ns ln. 901.
T, Puval, col. $32,
| n. 10, a \II. Hunt, P *O2 4, n, 29,
Ar. 96r.
+ \fonalt An elic. p 220, mn. 37 & 60,
c - M. Weſt
« \ in 1:14em
« \ annie, vim. g61.
fonaſt. An-
glhic, \ ol. F p.2:7 b,
g 1614, p29, 905 V,
Ab. ook. h+\R. Hoved,
1 l tol. 246 D,
Danes, that then invaded this Land, in purſu- | ing them farther than was fate, loſt * his lite.
] The next is Ori: (or Oſred ) who in the year $45. in the time of King Ethelwolph, joyn-
ing.* with Earnulf, Earl of Domerietſhire, |
and Ali zne, Biſhop of gShireburne, encountred p the Danes in Battle at JPrd2eDefimuth 3 flew 4a multitude of them, and obtained * a ſignal Victory. This © is that Oſrie whom ſome of our Hiſtorians do call Earl of {antſhire.
-]. After-him. [cil. in the Reign of King, Edgar, Ezelrward-, of whom, I have not ſcen any other memorial, than his being Founder * of the Abbcy
of ]Þcrſhoze in TUo2ceſterlhire,
F arls of Devon, +
He firſt Earl of this County, that I rcad
| | of, was Karl , who in the year 851.
| ( Athewnlph being then King of the
{left Sarons.,) fought * valiantly againſt the
P:7an-Danes , which did then much infeſt this
Kingdom 3 and obtained * a great Victory againlt them at {UUnbo2ne in Oourtthire,
The next was Odda, who in the year 878. (King Alfred Reigning,) was beſieged Y in a cer- tain Caſtle by thoſe Pagan-Danes. After: him Edred, of whom I tid no other mention, than that he died ® in the year got. a Moneth before the death of King, Alwred 3 and that he: had been a faithful afſiſtant ® to him in many. Battlcs.
* "Then Ordgar in the time of King Edgar 3 of whoſe beautiful Daughter, called Alfridz, there is. a notable Relation 3 firſt of her marriage with Ethelwolfe, Earl of the "Eaſt [Ingles, and after- wards with King Edgar himſclt 3 whereot I ſhall take notice at large, when I come to ſpeak of the (aid Ethelwolfe, : |
Of this Ordgzr, this is cheifly memorable, viz. That he Foundcd Þ the Abbcy of TDO2ton in DOozQlrtimre ( which was a Cell to Shtre- burne) and likewiſe Taveſtake © in ©Oe- vonlhire, in the year 96r. And dying © in the 26 971. was buricd © in that Abbey, where he 1ad a tajix/Tomb' 3 as alſo, that he had a Son cal- led Edulf of a Giant-like ſtature, and wonderful firength.z of whom it is reported f, That coming to Ereter with King Edward, (Son and Suc- ccſſor to Ring Edgar) and finding the Gates of the City, ſhut up and barred, he with his hands and tcct burlt them openz and that this Edulf had a Monument alſo in the ſame Abbey of
Tavcſioke, in proportion ſuitable to the im- |
menſity of his Bulk.
This E4rlf is ſometimes called Ordzrlf, and by 4
ſome reported ® to have been the Founder of that
Abbey of Taveſtoke.
Attcr Ordgar, a ccrtain Norman Earl, called
Fling”, was madc * Earl of this County by Queen Emmze , which Hugh , partly by his negligence. and partly treachery, ſutfercd- | Sweine, King of £cnmmark to cnter Creter, and make great (poil thicrc.
D To him ſucceeded Ailmzre, who, being. alſo Earl of CON wal , is undcr the Title of that County ſpoke of.
And to. him O49, unto whom King Edward the Contcffor gave * alto rhe Earldoms of ©0-
' Nicrlex and Ovoalet,
—_—
=
—_— - —— . — - —_—_
E. of Devon,
—
Earls of Kent.
F Lent the firſt Earl, whercof I have () ſecn any mention, and that upon. a mc-
morable occaſion, was Ealhere, viz. A Victory againſt the Danes in this County, in the year of Chriſt Dccclii. Who arriving ? in the Mouth of Thames with 350 Ships, landed d agfeat Army 3 walted the City of London 3 and foiled © Beortulph, King of the Mercians,-in open fight : But at Icngth, coming, to Dand- with, were encountred © by King Erbelſtan (Son to Ath:lwulph, the (Lieſt Saxon King 3) and by the hclp of this Earl Exlhere , after. great ſlaughter, totally put © to flight , nine of their Ships being then alſo taken f.. About two years aftcr, this valiant Earl , with the afliſtance of Wada®%, Earl of SUrrep, gave themaBattle " again in the Iſlc of Shinep 3 where, though, at the fiſt i onſct, he had the better of the day,
d:yct,at laſt, the Danes prevailing, | he loſt * his life. ;
The next Earl of this County .( that T mect with) was Ceolmznd, fo conſtituted ! by King Aelfred, in the ycar of Chriſt Dcccxcvii, to with- ſtand the incurſion bf thoſe Pagan-Daxes, which then much intcſicd this Land.
In the time of King Canutus, Godwyne ®, a per- ſon of grcat note in thoſe days , and-of a moſt Noble Extraction, was Earl ". viz. Son of IV ol- oth, Son of Egelmar, Sor. of Egelrick, Brother to that great Edric-Streona , Earl of Percia, in
the days of King Ethelred, commonly called the Unredy. ;
In the ycar 1024.. this Earl Godwyne was Ge-
ncral ® of the Engliſh Forces in that expedition made by- King, Camtus, with his Army, confiſt- ing of Engliſh and Danes, againſt the Swedes in which he performed moſt fignal ſervice 3 for ? diſcerning the King «to have great loſs in the frſt days fight , he. privily aſſaulted 4 the Enc- mics Camp in the night following , ſlew a mul- titude of them, and routing the reſt, compelled Ulfe and Ezglafe, Kings of that Nation, to peace» able terms.
But the-next thing memorable of him (that T have met with ) was a moſt perfidious and ig- noble At , which much clouded the honor he gained by that brave and hcroick exploit 3 the Story ® whereof is bricfly this. |
The year following the death of King Canu- tw, ( who was in truth no other than an In-
| vader here) A fred, Son to Etheldred, late King
of Tngland, by juſt Succeſiong having rc- mained in J202Mmanwy, with Duke Richard his Uncle, for a long time, made fall hither with Five and twenty Ships full of ſtout Soldiers, to challenge his righttul Tnheritanc# 3 and arrivin
at Sandwich , advanced/ to Canterbury; whercof Ear]-Godwyne having notice, he went and met him 3 and having aſſured him of his Fidelity, fcaſted with/him that Evening : But ſoon attcr, in the njght time, when *X fred and his followers werg aſlcep in- their Beds at Gtttl- (02D (in Surrey) he ruſhef'in upon them with a multitude of armed Men 3 and binding their
hands behind them, ſet them on a row ; cauſing.
them all to be beheaded, except the tenth. man 3 ind notAatished with that, decimated them once over apain, fo that tcw were left alive. © Affeer
_— Which
FH. Hunt,
— —
An. $52,
— Aſcri,Me-
b < nev. An» þ c , ral, i 4 \Sim, Du- 3 Annal,
; no An. $54.
2 © TVid, in {ee age
An, 897.
[ Mat. Weltm, Annal,
»m Monaſt. Anglic, Vol.1, p. 229 4.1.19. x Speed, pag, 418d,
An. 1024
oC Matth, ' pl Welim. q (|, Anna}.
r Mat, Wcitm. Annal.
An. 1036,
P&
s
D—
's Ante Conq. Norv. O F E N (7 L 4A N D. 12 which he bound the Royal A Ifred him(ſclt ( a wt to death > And theref. e adaled M That th: (ems i 1, ce, young Prince of great honor ) and carricd him Eirl Godwyne a4 b;s3'Son , nith thoſe 1relve 93k to the City of London, unto Haro/4, Son to Ear!s, who were his Friends and Kinſmen . hon !-4 Canumw, (by the power of this Earl) then made | | in all hnmility go to the King , each of them carrying
) King 3 who upon fight of him, commandcd, that us much Gold and Silver, as he was able to hee. he ſhould forthwith be carricd to the Ile of Cly, and offer it unto him is an atonement for that tramnl- and his eycs put out 3 which being pertormcd he greſſion 3 moſt humbly beſveching h;s pardon for tho {oon dicd. Jam?, and reſtoration of bis Lands, wpon dino of
Me. The ſubſtance of this moſt pcrhdious ation his homage and fealty. All whe@h being, accord-
4 of Earl Godwine, doth .Simven Dunelmenſis alſo ingly pcrtormed i, the good King, did not only * 5
Ml. fs. Duncla, TClatef, but with inſtances of greater barbarity 3 condeſcend thereto 3+ but, to put the greater vb- |
nal, col, 179, taking notice, that upon the death of young /E1- ligation upon him, took * unto Wite Edgith. his
ho fred at ElIp (as is above cxpreſt) his Bddy was Daughter. buried in the South Porch on the Welt part of But within few ycars after it hapnced !), that Ar.
| the Cathcdral therc. upon the Janding at £Oover, ot Eutzce Earl of *
Ar. 1041- But on thcſe his faithlcſs and crucl praGtiſes, 750[cin (. who had marricd G42 the Kings
little comfort or quiet attended 3 for no ſooner Siltcr) ſome of his tollowers being rude and iN-
was King Harold dead, but Hardi-Cannutus, King pcrious in taking up Lodgings there, killed one
of Denmark , who ſucceeded him in the of the Townſmen 3 whercat the reſt grew 16
In z' /M,Weſtm. Throne, calling * to mind the injuries done by enraged, that they preſently ftcll upon the Earls
"3 a Annal, Harold unto himſelf, and his Mother, ſent * this Retinue with all violence, flew ® twenty. of
> : 0p" Earl Godwyne 'with ſome others unto LOnaon ; them, and wounded very many mire. Ear] .
54+ \( coi, 23:5, cauſing them to dig * up the Body of that de- Enſtace therefore (who hardly eſcaped their fury ) ; ceaſed King (unto whom he had been fo obſc- with one of his men haltcd *® to the King then 1 .
97. quious whileſt he lived ) cut off his Head, and at Ololiceſter, and madc a £rICVOusS CON plaint
elm, threw it, with his Body into the Thames ; to him of this miſchcit : Whereupon the King and morcover, growing, molt highly diſpleaſcd (cnt ® for this Earl Godwy:e , and conmanded with him, would not accept of any other at- him , That with his power he ſhould vindicate tonement than a preſent to # be made of a Ship this injury ſo done to the Earl of t OlCin ; but
a Gilt with Gold, *and Tackling ſuitable 3 where- Earl Godwyxe rathcr. cxculing, the fact, then cn-
vol., in'wecre Fourſcore Soldicrs in Gilt Armor, cach deavoring any reparation tor the ſame, undca
hy of them having two Bracelets of Gold on their colour of rcltraining the incurtions of the Welſh,
es Arms, wecighing ſixteen ounces as alſo Haber- raiſed P the Kentiſhmen, with thoſe alſo of @uſ -x gions (or Coats of Fence) of Gold,Gilt Helmets, and (eſt Sarony, his cldcti Son Sri att- Swords with Gilt Hilts girt to their Loyns, and ing 41 1n like manncr throughout the Countics of a Daniſh Ax of Gold hanging on their left Shoul- ©:rf02D, Glouceſter, Somerſet, Hcretv2p,
024. ders. In their Left-hands each bearing a Target and Berks and Harold * another Son, among\i
th. with Gilt Boſſes and Nails 3 and in their Right a the Eaſf Sarons, Eaſt Angles, lunting-
” Lance, called in Engliſh a Tegar. And having, don, and Cambyidgeſhires, and formcd a by this extraordinary preſent thus qualihed the very great Army. ;
King, to excuſe his cruel murther-of youn Whereupon King Edward forthwith ſent * for «5 w. Weſtm, Ethelred in the Iſle of Ely (as hath been ſaid) he Leofric Earl of Mercta, and Siward Ear] of '* 3,2 unen. »S.Dunelm, Jaid * the fault wholly upon King Harold ; af- | J202thumberland , who forthwith got what a? _ firming ® that againſt his will he was compelled Forces they could together 3 Raphe Earl of 1)Cre- col.9z6, thereto by him. : t02D, Nephew to the King (viz. Son to his Stſtcr H. Knight, But obſerving, notwithſtanding this ſpccious Goda ) alliſting * with all the power he could col.:326, S i : . , excuſe, tht the Engliſh Nobility were highly in-/| | raiſe. | , ccnſed/ againſt him for that perfidious and bar- But in the mean while Godwyne marching, into barous AR 3 fo that his ſafety here was much in | | Glouceſterſhire, pitcht ® his Tents at Lang- ; -loren, danger, he fled ® into Denmark, and there | | Treo; in that County,” and ſent Mcſſengers 0 the « (cot. 935, continued © for the ſpace of four years 5 his | | King, requiring the delivery _up of Earl Ext ace,
vets WI 27” > Lands and Poſſcſions here being in the mean | | and all his followers, then in Dover Caſtle ;
026, MI (45 1044: time confiſcated : Howbeit, taking notice of the ] | } and threatning * otherwiſe , that he would de-
$6. $ ſingular Picty and Clemency of King E4ward, | | nounce open 'War _ him. Howbcit, the ſirnamed the Confeſſor, (who upon +the death of | | King refuſing ſo to do 3 and Earl Godw'yn? diſ- Hardi-Canutus was Crowned King) he adven- | | cerning, that the Army which the King had tured 4 again into England. and came to Lon- raiſed by the help,of thoſe Earls was not inferior DON, where the King and all the great Men of] | to his, ſubmitted Y to an amicable TreatY% to be the Land then fate in Parliament, imploring the held at Lgndon for appcaſing, of that quarrcl. Mediation of his Friends and Kinred, for Favor Whereupon the King marched with his Army . and Mercy 3 who, thereupon being brought © in- thither, and Ear] Godwyne likewiſe with his, to his preſence, and* charged by the King with | | which he quartered 7 in the Borough of S0lith- the guilt of his Brother E!freds Blood , denied | | wark. the ta, and put himſelf upon * tryal of that In order therefore to this peaccable compo- Court'z where, after divers Arguments, by the | ſure, the King ſent ® to Earl Godwyne to come to Eirls and Birons, at that time ſo aſſembled 3 | | his- Court, with no more than Harold, his Son, ſome in favor of him. and ſome otherwiſe 3 up-| | and twelve of their Retinue unarmed, requiring,
ood Leofric , Earl of Cheſter, (a Pcrſon of | | alſo, that they ſhould deliver up b unto him what great-Integrity, and no leſs Piety, ) and Gd 7, Military Serviccs were due unto them through- 1hat thigh karl Godwyne was a Man of the out all England : But in anſwer to this Meſ- greateſt Barentage of any-in England; y*t he could | | ſage, they alleaged ©, That they durſt not 2dvcn- nt deny but that by bis procurement, Eltred was | | ture themſelyes, without Holtages, to that Con- VCntun
—
14 THE BARONAGE
E. of Kent. :
m—_
tion of Factious Men ( for ſo they termed the Kings Council then about him.) nor without peril and diſgrace, come thither with ſo few men, and unarmed : But the King obſerving, that the Soldiers of Earl Godwyne, fearing the ſtrength of his Forces, did by little and little out-run their Colours, cauſed open Proclamation to be made, that the Earl dents apnea at his Court, as be- fore he had required, or depart out of England within fivedays: Whereupon, with Gythz his Wife, and three of his Sons, viz. Toſti, Swane, and Gyrth, he, haſtcd to © Thomey 3 where having a Ship ready to tranſport them, they ſoon got f unto Baldwyne, Earl of Flanders, (whoſe + Daughter Judith, Toti had married) his two other Sons, Harold and Leofwyne, (ailing from Bauiltol
= o\ wha, /
into Freland. Art. 1053. But long it was not, ere this great Maſter of f Miſcheif, making all hoſtile 8 preparations for that ; | purpoſe, returned into England again 3 fo alſo
* lim n,. bis Sons Þ, Harold and Leofwyne, who came back
m, relm. cot. Out of TrEfanD ; and cntring the Mouth of Se-
: verne, made no ſmall ſpoil in Somerſet and
Do2ſetſhires 3 and privily landing * on the
; | Kentiſh Coaſt, ſent ! throughout that County, as
5 alſo into Suſſer, Efſer, and Surrey, to raiſe
what power he could 3 ſo likewiſe to the Marri-
ners at {)aſtings, whereby he allured many to
his party, who vowed to live and die with him :
Whereof notice being given to the Kings Forces
then at Sandwich, they immediately followed
m after him. But he, ſeeing his preſent danger,
hid *® himſelf for a time 3 and fo ſoon as he un-
derſtood , that his purſuers were withdrawn ,
made towards ® the Iſle of cUigyt » plying a-
bout that Coaſt, until his Sons, Harold and Leof-
wyne , came to him with their Ships : And
though the King made all the haſt he could, to
ſend ſuch a power as might encounter them all,
yct did Godwyne enter ® Southwark , ere
any oppoſition could be made 3 and by fair pro-
miſcs wrought ſo with the Londoners, that many
of them came 4 over and joyned with him 3 and
finding no rcliſtance at the __ got * higher
with his Boats at the return of the Tide ſtcar-
ing towards the North part of the River, as
though he intended to ſurround thoſe of the
Kings, which lay on that ſide : But though the
King had a numerous Body of Foot, as well as
he 3 yet, both conſiſting totally of Ergliſh, they
were not willing to fight : Whereupon five dif-
creet perſons on each hide interpoling, disbanded
the Armies 3 ſo that Earl Godwyne with his Wife,
and all his Sons, exccpt Swane, were thenceforth reſtored to their former Honors.
But ngtwithſtanding theſe great Condeſcenſi-
ons of that Mirror of Meckneſs King Edward,
Gods ſignal -Judgment at length overtook this
wicked Earlz for ſitting at dinner with the
An. 1053. *King at CUlncheſter, the next enſuing year, it
M.wctme hapning , that as Harold his Son (who then at-
\ Jorral. tended as Cup-bearer) came into the room, he
f _H- Knigh- ſtumbled with one foot 3 yet by the help of the
3346. other, ſorecovercd himſelf, that he ſpilled not the
w. val= Wine 3 and that Earl Godwyne ſmiling , ſaid,
mw _— may one Brother belp another: Which ex-
preſſion cauſing the King to change his counte-
nance, and with a deep ligh to ſay. So my Bro-
ther nught have been an belp to me, if Godwyne
hid been ſo pl-aſed. The Earl replied, I am not
1: nor ant that you ſuſped? me for your Brather Eldreds
death, And tothe end he might the better cap-
ifs, & col, 186.
—
| the name of William the Conqueror ) report be- | ing
after his baniſhment 3 where he continu
tivate the Kings beleif of his innocence therein, moſt boldly imprecated, That God, who is true and juſt, might choak him with that morſel of Bread, which he then did put into bis Mouth , if by bim- Self or his contrivance, Elfred was deftroyed. Which words were no ſooner uttered, than that he fell t down dead, and. was buricd in the old Monas- ; 1via, {tery of that =
This Earl Godwyne had alſo the Earldom of the Caeſt Sarons, as it ſeems, by the expreſſion " of Ingulphus ; who ſaith, that upon his death «ol $10b. that Earldom was given to his Son Harold. han - Of his poſſeſſions, which were exceeding great, there is no other memorial, that I ever ſaw, than what the Conquerors Swrvey * doth take no- = Pomeld, tice of z which, ( for many reaſons that might eaſily be ſhewed) doth not expreſs all 3 -but ſuch as it doth, I ſhall here inſertz viz. Leleburne, M4 Fereburne, Selesburne, Boltone, Þer- 9 bzetreton, Bzunſeile , Coteham, HÞoze , Dancheſt, Fulcheſtan, Romenel, Eſtefo2tz *_ Diſtreham, and Boltune in Kent +: Dodi- mere, \vet, Erbentone, Þtham, Wilen- - done, Kadetone, Wineltone, Tozinges, Co LBercheham, Sflleton, Lozen- cone, WTrovozde, Tocherft, Stodeham, -Botendone, Seleham, Tadeham,Bozne, Gontone, Eſtone, Jcemoze, Clepinges, Beneſtede, Þentone, Laneſwic,Rotinge- dene, Buiſfeſmeſtune , SEES, F0-
chinges , Saleſcome, erſt, Pluntune, Bercham, Bedling, EW a Cen- eltune, Apleſham, Ddinges, Dentune, I ow, Eſſingetune, TWaſingtune, and E- 7 rune in Suſſer;Stantune in Herefo2dihire ; ay Witley in Surrey, Sudbertune, (Ual- - lope, Alwartone, Funtley, Þallege, Cep- i tune, Seneozde, HÞamledune, Bocheland, ms Copenoze, and Sldtune in Hantthire, | =3
He had 7two Wives, the firſt was Daughter » (H. xnigh. ”
* to King Canntw (but her Chriſtian name doth 731096 :
not appear) by whom he had only one Son, who
* careleſly riding a- Horſe into the River of
Thames, was there drowned. 71 His ſecond Gyeba Þ, Siſter to Swane , King of , _w. wu.
Denmark, by whom he had iſſue © theſe Sons, c{mew.46«-
viz. Suane, who was Earl of Ber2ocſhire, Jk5:; Dron, and Gloiſteſterſhire, (of whom I ſhall JÞia52 b. ſay more in due place ) Harold, Earl firſt of the A 4 Eaſt Saxons, Eaſt Angles, Hunting- * »-3.-
don, and Cambyidgſhires 3 and after the 43. Hored. death of his Father, of * the CUeſt Sarons, ©; *
under ' which title I purpoſe to ſpeak more of e Ingulphus,
: l.5$10b, a, him. 40, &f,g11 b,
_ The third was 'Whnoth f, who with Haewn, the 2,20.) Son of Sxan?, his Uncle, Was ſent ® into J202- {7 ann
mandy, as an Hoſtage by Earl Godwyne, upon R, Hoved.
King Edwards admiſſion of him into England, ;,*.Ma-
h du- ; _ fol. ring the whole Reign of that King 3 but after the */R. Hoved.
a A PR ry
Norman Conqueſt, he was brought i back into )Þ*! 264 * England: -and kept priſoner * at Saltgbury C 3s. þ till his death. |
The fourth Toftius , made Earl ® of J20}- !W.Malmesd.
| thumberland, by King Edward the Confeſſor, 452 »-5*+
(in reſpe@ of the minority of Waltheof) of whom fcl.210a. el I ſhall fay more, when I ſpeak of the Earls of that * ** County.
The fifth Gzrth, of. whom our Hiſtorians do make this Relation ®, viz. That upon the arrival *Q*- 52h of Duke Wiliam, ( afterwards better known by
qa_—
ante Conq. Norm,
OF ENGLAND.
Iy
© roar
ing made by the Spies, which were ſent to diſcover the Norman Army 5 that it ſeemed to conſiſt moſt of Prieſts, in regard their faces were totally ſha- ven, 3 obſerving his Brother, "= Harold, to laugh at their error, and to expreſs, that they were not Prieſts, but ſtout Soldiers, ſaid, Why then will you be ſo inconſiderate, as to give them Bat- tle? We are not obliged by any Oath to the Duke , and therefore it were better. for you, who have ſworn . to bim, to make a retreat for a while and we who are free from any Oath, will ght for our Countrey: And if we conquer, you will ſpeed well enough z if over- come, you may try the Tſſue again by another Battle, The Character givep of this Gwrth, is, That be was (Plis puero adultus, & magne ultra etatem virtutis & ſcientie ) a young Man of Knowledge and Vertue far above bis yedrs. Howbeit, this Counſel + H. Hunt, Harold did not take, bnit adventured ® upon a py fol. 211 4 Battle, in which Grth was ſlain ? (as well as * a6-4% himſelbeing thenan Earl 4, asit ſeems, though of what County I have not ſeen.
It appears by the Coxquerors Swrvey ®, that this Earl Gzrth was poſſeſſed of the third part of the Hundred of Oepeſwi3 (now Jptwich) in Duffoik, and the third part of that Borough 3 as alſo of the Town-ſhips of TUaſingetone in Sulſer, TUlitlesfow in Cambyidgeſhire , and B20C in JNo2folck 3 - but of what other Lands I have not ſeen, f
As 2 witneſs to the Charter of King Edward the Confefſor, made to the Church ot-S. Peter at Gant, bearing date Ar. 1044. he hath the #Monaft, An-, title © of Dwx, as givers other Earls alſo witneſſes
r Dome d,
glic, Vol. 2- "thereto then had.
pgoro-r-6t "The fixth Leofwne *, of whom I find little fol46 3.0.1 memorable, excepting his being Mlain ® in Battle fol. 111a, With his Brothers, Harold and Garth > but he n, 49,
was alſo an Earl (though I cannot. ſay of what x Monaſt, An- County) being ſo termed * as a witneſs to the
wo br 2* . Charter of King, Edward the Conteſlor, made to 2% the Canons of ({Ulaltham in Ellec, And by the Conquerors S is Recorded to have been poſſeſſed of theſe following Towns and Lord- ; Domeld, ſhips in King Edward the Conteſſors days?, viz,
Come in Domerletſhire, Eſſedene, Yele- tune, Ledeſdune 'Bozham, Pecheham Freveneſte, Eſtedes, and Sudtone , and Colinge in Rent 3 Eſleve in DUufſer 3 Ba- verdone, Yinnoch Chenemetone, {Uite: fozD, and 2D in Com. Devon, Jute: am in Þartfo2dſhire, Haltone, Dileherft, odintone, and Lechamſtede, in Buckin: rhamſhire, and of Gatone, and Codintone in DUrrey.
| any Others ſay ?, that he had ſeven Sons, and thus «22-502. Bf ranked in Scniority, viz. Swane, Tofti, Harold, Gurth, Elfgare, Leofwyne, and Wolnoth , of all which, excepting E!fgare, I have already ſpoke , which Elfgare * was a Monk at REmEs in
France. The name of this Earl Gddwynes Daughter 6 .W. Malm, Was Eadgith; who became Wife Þ® to King Ed- 1.45% ward the Confeſſor ,, of whom wy xt ( who H. Hung, lived in her time) gives a ſingular CharaGer for tol2-9b. her admirable Beauty, Humility, SanQtity, and «7b. f'5c9a. Learning : Adding<©, That when he was a
v, zo & 40,
he often meeting him would poſe him in his leaming 3 - and deſcending fronr the ſolidity of Grammy , unto the levity of Logick, wherein ſhe was excellent, would conclude him with the ſubtilty of her Arguments 3 and frequently ſend
School-Boy and came to Court to ſee his Father, !
2 him three or four picces of: Moncy, by a Maid, to - oy” tor his Dict. *'
et ſo highly was the Ring incenfed againſt Ay. to Earl Godwyne her Father,, that iddecding LEE ſhe was ſo excellently qualified, he put 4 her a- 4 R. Hored, way from him, and placed her in the Abbey of 4 <p CUerewell 3 but the next enſuing, year he re © ceived © her again, and reſtored her.to her former « 1bi!: $.De= Dignity. p"2"rg 136
Ot the before ſpecified Gythz, ſecond Wife to Earl Godwyne (before mentioned) I tind f that fDomeſtay? ſhe was poſſeſſed of theſe following Lordtfhips 3 viz, Yertinges, CTraitone , {Ycrredone , DYundzeham, (Ueſtmeſtan, and Odeman- (cote, in Suffer ; Cerdeno2d in Berks 3 Dtringtone in Devon, as alſo of Edeftoche and Btoches in the County of Buck : And that after the death of King, Harold her Son, ſhe privately 8® fled into France, carrying great riches with her, but never rcturncd for fear of King William the Conqueror. |
And now to cloſe up my ſtory of this great Earl, take here this*ſharp Character of his from _ an old Hiſtorian ®, ——Erat inter potentes Anglie b Ailredos Ri- omnuem potentiſſimus z vir magnarum opum , ſed _ nY aſtutie ſingularis , Regum R egnique proditor 5 qui has. docu fallere,-& quelibet diſſimulare conſuetws, fa- cile populum ad cuuſlibet fations inclinabat aſ- ſenſl « Amongſt the great Men of England, he was the moſt potent of all 3 a Perſon of great wealth, — >, but of eſpecial craft a betrayer of Kings and the Kingdom ; who being tkilful to decerve, and ac- cuftomed to diſſemble every thing, could eaſily ſeduce the ous to joyn with any Fadition. But to lcave the belt ſavor of him, I will not omit his Works of Picty to the Cathedral of ©” anterbury 3 viz, i TheTowns and Lordſhips of Stiſtede and Cogſhalil in Effer 3 as alſo of Chich, which he had of the gift of King Cannutws, and beſtowed in pure Alms upon the Monks there ſerving God.
One thing more, viz. a notable * paſſage be- twixt Alfwald, the haſt Biſhop of '=htreburne, and this Earl, I cannot well omit. This Alf- wald was a very devout Man, and ſo much mor- tified, that when others did profuſcly feaſt, (as it was then the- uſage to do ns in England, after the coming in of the Danes) he would take no other ſuſtenance but Bread and Water : A Perſon he was moſt highly devoted to the Bleſſed Virgin, and S. Cuthbert 3 of whom, it is farther obſervable, That after his death, no one could ſleep ſitting in his Chair, -but he was terri- fied with ugly Viſions. But that of him which relates to this Earl, is this, That upon ſome dif- coment betwixt him and Godwyne, and the ſame not appeaſed upon a mceting which was — ed for that purpoſe 3 the Biſhop upon his de- parture, ſaying, By S. Mary, it ſhall go evil with him, it fell out accordingly 3 the Earl being thenceforth never free from the torture of his Guts, until he received this Biſhops BenediQi-
ON. |
g Oct, Vit, $13P.
i; W. Thorn; col, 2224,
4 H:Knighton, col. 2333.
————
Earls of Surrey.
F this County, Wade was Earl in An. $854 An. $54
() and joyning ! with Ealbere,Earl of Kenr, þ $. Dunel, in a tight againſt the £DAaneg, in
che Ile of Thanet, there loſt ® his lite,
Eails
THE BARONAGE
—_—_——_ _—-_
——
E, of Southampton, Oc,
. Sw, 4am ©
"'Q - 1 Wat. Weſtm,
Farls of $ outhampton.
King Eth-1byrht then Reigning, 5 at which time, the Danes having invaded the Land, and deſtroycd ® the City of (C/t15CHERer 3 he, with the help of Ethelwlf , FE arl of *erkſhire, giving them Battle, flew ? and diſſipated-their whole Army. . Afftcr this, ſcil. in the time of King Fagar, Aelfegw was Earl 3 of whom there 1s no othcr
[: the year $60. Oſric was Earl " of this Shire,
qM. wellm. mention 9, than of his death in An. 981.
In thc time of Canutus , Alf-lme was * alſo Earl, whoſe Daughter Ailiva was Wife * to that King, and Mother * to Harold his Son, and Suc- ceſlor in this Realm.
Earls of Berroc(hire.
N the year of Chriſt 860. Eth?lwlf was Earl | of this County 3 and upon an Invaſton ® then
made by thc Pagan-Danes , who deſtroyed the City of cUlinchetler, raiſcd * the "1Serke- \7;£s men ; and joyning ? with Ofr:c, Earl of Il)antſhire, flew * and routed all thcir Forces, Ethelbyrht being ? then King of the Ce Sarons.
This Eth-1n!f is 21ſo ſometimes called Eadwlf.
_ An. $71. In the year $71. the £anes, guitting b £202- foil, and thoſe parts, advanced © with their |
Army unto I1ag4i0{i1f7, in this County, whence two Daniſh Earls went © out with a great power
)n. Hunt. to Forage the Country. the reſt fortifying ©them- tel, z00b- flves, in the mean while betwixt the Rivers of Chames and RKinnert : But. this valiant. Ea-+
dulf: , with his Forccs encountring * them at Enniefeiln (which is not far from Reading Wetiwards) flew * one of thoſe Earls, and the greateſt part of that their Army, putting the reſt co flight ® ; but within a few days after in another fight with them aty 1Reading , he loſt * his lite.
The next Earl was Szuans *, Son to Grdwyne, Earl of 18fAt : of whom I have ſpoke elfwhcre, he being Eazl of -more2 Counties.
Earls of Eſſex.
F this County, the firſt Earl that T have mct with, is Brithulf:, ſo-conſtituted | by King A !fr2d, in the year of Chriſt
897. for defence ot the ſame againſt the irrupti-
ons of the Danes 3 but of him I find no more
mCcntion. q The next is Brithnoth, who being witneſs mto a Chartct made by King Ethelred , to the
Abbey of Caveitock in £)cvon, is there
218 b.1.54 termed n Dux.
In the year of Chriſt” 991. this valiant Earl
marching ® againſt the £danes, who then had |.
invadcd the Coaſt of Suffolk, and plundred ? Jp{wich. gave 4 to Chr/t Church in Canter: bury, theſe Lordſhips, 7iz." Leiltnges and Tliege 5 and, atter the death of Elflede his Wite, * © D)efiege 2: And encountring f thoſe Pagans in
opcn Battle at {YaIVon in Ciier (where great
— —
| eldeſt Son Ethelwold, by ſome called Ethelwolfe,
{ laughter was on both ſides) the Danes being
Vidtors, was ſlain *.
Which Grant of Tetlege in Stffolk was confirmed ® by the ſame Lady Elfl-de his Wife. * W. Thorn, Aftcr him Harold, Son to Earl Godwyne, was 54. * Earl * of this County 3 but upon the death of *{ Inguizh. Earl Godwyne his Father, -the Earldom of the 2} "he Wieſt Saxons being given ? to him; he quit
ted * this of Cflez unto Algar , Son to Leofric, Earl of Cheſter; of which Algar, I purpoſe to ſpeak under the title of the Earls of Mercia. -
t Ibid,
W_
Earls of Eaſt Angles, or Norfolk,
T firſt Earl of this Province, of whom I An. 924.
have ſeen any mention, is, Athelftan, who was then ® Half-Koning , id-eſt, 6 Roet Vol. Semi-Rex (and this was in the time of Athelftan, « ” P.230 A. King of . England, ) Which - Earl Ztbelftan o*©* taking to Wife ® a certain Woman, named © Alf- wen ( afterwards Nurſe to King Edgar) had by her four Sons 3 viz. © Ethelwold, Alfwold, Ethel- ſine, and Ailwine. This Earl Atbe/tay in his later days, devoting himſelf to a RR life, was ſhorn 4a Monk 41bid. p.13r, the Abbey of Glaſtonbury in Somerſet- Ich, | The name of his Wife was © Alwen (but whoſe «<,- Monaf. Daughter is not expreſt ) Foundreſs * of the 47-7 "ag Nunnery of Chateriz in Cambaidghhire. fd is'p.55:. Which Alwen gaye © Weſton to the Monks of © ** Kamtfey, but was buried Þat Chatert3, | To Athelſtan ſacceeded' in this Earldom his
_
(in the time of King Edgar ) of whom there is this memorable Relation i, viz, That King Ed-" iJorval. <ol- gar after the death of that fair Lady Elflede his **** **® Queen , having heard how great fame Alfrida,
Daughter to Ordgar, Earl of £)evon 3 had for
her beauty , privately ſent this Earl Etbelwolfe,
as his cheit Conhdent, to ſee if ſhe was ſuch a
one as general report had repreſented her to be : | Who accordingly took his journey to her Fathers | Houſe in. thoſe parts, and finding her in all re-
ſpects really to be no leſs than had been expreſt
of her, he bethought himſelf how to delude the
King, and obtain her for his own Wife 3 and
thereupon made his Addreſſes to Earl Ordgar her
Father, to that purpoſe : Who, being an aged
and an infirm Man, and diſcerning this Ezhel-
wolfe to be a comely perſon, and skilful in the
exerciſe of Arms, concluded, That he might be
a fit match for this his ſole Daughter and Heir,
as being ablc to defend her Rights 3 and there-
upon gave his aſſent thereto, upon condition,
That the King would aſſent. Having thus far
proceeded, Ethelwolfe rgrurns, and tells the King,
That indeed ſhe was a Lady of a beautiful Coun- tenance,but much bhrmel of Body 3 whereup-
on the King being content to let her alone. Ethel-
wolfe intreated: his good will, that he might have
her. himſelf 3 by which means a fair acceſſion of
Lands and Riches might come to his own Eſtate ;
and ſoon obtained his defire, Whereupon with-
in a ſhort. ſpace after he took her to Wife, and begetting upon her a Son, prevailed with the _
King to be oneof his Godfathers. Having thus accompliſhed his deſires 3 firſt in the enjoyment
of a Son, and next in this Alliance to the King,
W—_—
ante Conq. Nor.
—
by that Spiritual Kinrcd z he then revcalcd to his Wife the whole ſtory , how he had dcluded the King, who had {o great. a detire to have marricd her 3 which much abated her atter atfc<tions to | him, though the made no words thercot.
But at length it ſo hapned, that the truth of |
. this Earl Eth-lwolfs aCtings in this bulineſs, bc- | ing fully made knowrf at Court, the King haſted ſpeedily into £devonſhire , under colour of Hunting in thoſe parts, and rcturncd not till he had ſecn' this fair Lady 3; with whoſe beauty he became ſo cnamorcd , that he cauſed a place of entertainment to be prepared for hcr and hcr Hus-
band, near the Wood whercin he was to hunt unto which, he was no ſooner returned from his ſports, but he ſaw her with his little God-ſon, whom Ethelwolfe ſoon preſented to him 3 the King thereupon embracing her in his Arms , and kiſſing. her. Afffter- which, being enflamcd with the love of her, he had little rcſt 3 his thoughts tending to nothing, ſo much as the full enjoyment-of her : For the accompliſhing there- fore of that his dcfire, he calls a Parliament with- in cight days following at Salisbury 3; in which, all his Nobles of the Land being mct, he propoſed to their conſideration the fate cuſtody of J/2uzthumbverland, againſt the irruptions of the Danes : Whercupon this Earl Ethe/wolfe was reſolved on for the cuſtody of Po9k, and the arts adjacent : But ſo the deſign was laid, that m ſhould , never return back (as It ſeems) for paſſing through the Foreſt of CUlermelle in antſhire, he was ſet upon by certain armed Men, ſent thither by the King to lic in wait for him 3 and there barbarouſly murthered.
' The news whereof was no ſooner brought to
the Court, than that'the King ſent for that beau- tiful Lady , and with great joy made her his wife, the ſame day both of them wearing Crowns on - their Heads : But on the morrow morning Dnitan, Archbiſhop of Canterbury, (afterwards better known by the name of Saint Dwunttan) came into the Kings Lodging Chamber, and boldly asked him, who that was that he had there in Bed with him'; and it being anſwercd, ' The Quzen ; the good Archbithop plainly replicd, That it was againſt the Laws of God, and Holy Church, thus adulterouſly to lic with her whoſc Son he had been Godfather $5, in regard of their Spiritual Kinred. After which time ſhe never loved S. Drnſtan 3: yet he ceaſed not to admoniſh the King of that faukt , though to little pur- poſe. | All that I have farthcr to ſay * of this fair Alfrida, is ; Firſt, That ſhe bore unto King, Edgar two Sons 3 Edmund who died in his child- hoodzand Ethelrzd (commonly called the Vrread)y ) who at-his Baptiſm pilt in the Font 3 whereupon this holy Man S.D»nftan prophecied, That in him the Dominion of the Exg/iÞ ſhould have its period, wherein he was not much wide, as our
Hiſtorians do tcll. And ſecondly , That to cx- ” piate the murther of Earl Ethelwold her Husband, ſhe Founded ! a Monaſtery of Nuns at CCIere- welle beforementioned.
To this Earl Ethelwold ( ſo murthered ® as hathbeen (aid |) ſucceeded Erhelwins ( by ſome called Egelwine or Ailwin? , (his youngeſt Bro- ther) in this Earldonſe z which A:lwine was the pious Founder ® of that great Abbey of Ram- 1ey in PtntinnDonſhire, at the ſpecial inſtance of Oſwald, Archbiſhop of Nozk, whereunto he
+ 1b'd,
I'\fonal An- olic. Val. _ t.256 b,m 30,
An. 990,
m Monatt.
Arghc, Vol, 1,
P.230,n.ao, #
xIiid, p, 230, D, 40,
OF ENGLAND.
RR ———_—
This 1s that pious Earl Ethbelwints +
Earl Brithnoath (then Earl of
termed © Dei Amicus.
Sacri cenobit miraculoſs fundator.
dicd ® in An. 977.
ſelf dicd ® in A». 993.
never underwent fo ſharp a hght.
Province of the Eaſt Angles.
Eadri- 1 have more largely ſhewed.
nors of
Fulleſham, and Denſete.
hat to ENTeroory 4 and th
1. ————
\
7
—_— A
then gave' ® Two hundred Hides of Land, 14! who,when P Elfars, Earl oft 2JCtCnna, and divers other great »F5.Puncts, Men, upon the death of the good King Ez :r, \,) being blinded with gifts, would have turncd out thoſe Abbots and Monks out ot the Monattcrics which had bcen therein placed by that King ſtoutly ſtood up with his Brothcr A!fwold, and
e) and
oppoſed 4 the ſame in an open Synod 3 afhrin- ing *, That th:y worl4 never endur?, that the Myrks ſhould bs expelizd the Kingdom, who were the Sup- porters of all Religion therein 3 wherevpon he was
This was alſo that famous Azilrine,, who had the title of Totius Anglie Aldermann, id et, Fu- ſtittaris Angle, . tor fo he was 3 and on whoſe Tomb, in that Abbey of Ramſey , was this Epitaph, Hic requzſcit Ailwinus, incliti Regis E4- gart cognatus, totics Anglie Aldermanxus, & has
He had three Wives, the hirſt Erhbelfizde, who gavc © Daltrey to the Monks of Ramſey, and | The ſccond Ezthlgira, who beſtowed * on them @taw and WB2une, and Ydiedin Ax. 985. The third J/lg:z, who gave 2 them 1S2anceiter for the lining of their Gar- ments with Fur, and dicd * in Ar. 994. Hc him-
To this Ailwin? ſuccceded Uifzzt-l, who in the year 1004. when © Szan?, Kirg of Den- mark, invaded England, and burnt 4 J2g?- wich, bcing ſo ſuddenly ſurpriſed, that hc could not raiſcan Army to oppoſe him, hc took coun+ (cl-* with the great Men of thoſe parts, and made peace * with him: And aftcr he ſaw that King Sun? moſt pertidiouſly had broke his faith, and burned THert0D, raiſcd 8 what power he could and marched againſt him : And notwithlianding he could not cqua] them in number, yet did he adventure *® togive them, Battle. And, though (with great loſs to the-Encmy)) hc had not i an abſolute Victory, yet did he deſtroy * (o many of thcm , that thcy themſclves acknowledged, they
And in Av». 1010. upon another invaſion of the Danes, this Earl Vf kerell tought with them at a place! called RIgMEre, ncar Tplwich, in Slitroſk 3 but bcing too weak, the Danes, aftcr very much ſlaughter on both tides, became m Victors, and poſlcſt ® themſclves of this whole
But aftcrwards, ſczl. in Ay. 1016. he, with divers other of the Engl; Nobility, loſt ® their lives in that fatal Battle at AſenVune in Efler ; where -Cannte, the Dane, through the wicked treachery of Eadric Streone, Eatl of Percia, became Victor as in my diſcourſe of that Earl
I do not hnd that he had any iſſve, nor have I ſcen mention” that hEcvcr marricd 3 but of his muniticence to 'the Monks of St. Edmunds Bhurv, there is this memorial , 2/2. That he gave P to that Abbey , the Lordſhips and Man- tidercle, Revorave., Rigenhale, Ululfpit, Kovgham, -and part of B2adfeld,
The next Earl of this Province, was Twrkl, 4 Daniſh Earl 3 of whom, the firſt mention 1 meet with, is, That in the ycar 10cg. hc landed 4 in the Iſle of Thanet 3 ſo came co Sandwich, ence into
divers
) '@ þ 4 * a I:
p, 23%
N. TIS.
(6! 16 ” Cu-22 K 1%
[Thr Stn, col. 169g, n, 40,
? x#A1Ib.p.11t,
x "1 Fo lvid, p,23 1, n. 40,
Ant. 993»
Ay, 1004» £ S [IDyitb
4 ) col 6x.
e \n,4, &
f-\y0.
85; id.
Js
m' R.Hoved, n 4 tcl. 247, n, 49,
An. 1016.
Ly Rk. Hoved, fol. 2504,
p Megaft, Anelic, Vole, P.254, f, $9,
An. 10cg.
a S Donclm. Col 166, th 6@ K 197.
*
-\ |
r lbil
f ' Jorval,
s col 882. » 1-30 & \ 40,
x ('5- Dunel.
I. 190, _uy
An. 1013» a Ibid.
An. 1017+
b 1d col. 176, n,30.
R. Hoved, fi50b. n,zo.
4 R, Hoved, t.: Fj 4.n,19,
a R. Hoted. fol,2$3 4, n. I 0.
I, Jorval col, 938.n 509,
An. 1044.
Ibib, col. (94 4, n,
" Hunt,
fol 209 b, n, 19.
An. 1049.
d Jorval col.
939. no, ”$.Dunelm.
col. 83.
n. 35.
1} H. Hunt.
e< fol. * 09 Us n. 109.
R. Hoved. fol. > 5+ b.
\n. 36.
4 S. Dunclm.
c ol. 183. n.
5 0+
xz Jorval. col.
939. n. 30 &
40+
b C'S. Dunel.
24 col. 183. Nh. 60.
þ Thad 184.
col.
"THE BARONAGE
——
E. of 0x0n, &c+
divers other Counties, where he made no little |
ſpoil, attempting * to enter the City oft London, but was repulſed. And in the ycar 1011. having much infelicd © the North parts of this Kingdom in a Piratical manner , gave Battle "to Vif&et:l, Earl of the Eaſt Angles at Rv4igemere, and invaded " Rent with a powerful Army 3 yet after this forſaking * Sane, King of Denmark, on whoſe bchalt he had made theſe incurſions, he took ? part with King Etbelr:d, and ſtqutly afſiſt- &d * him in the dctence of LONDON Walls 3 which in the year 1013. King Suzxe attempted with his Army, and repulſed him *®. But Ring Sane being dead, and his Son Crmte, through the great "treachery of Edric Streon? , Earl of Yercta , obtaining the Crown of E1nnand, he was by him advanced Þ to this Earldom of the Caſt Angles. his Twrkill is ſaid © to have been Cotounder
of that Church with King Cute, which was built upon the Hill at quUeiUunc. and ſolemnly dedicated in the year 1020: by Wulſtan, Arch- biſhop of Po2k, and divers other Biſhops, in memory of that fatal overthrow, there-given to King Edmund Ironſide, as hath been obſcrved.
The next Earl of theſe parts was * Harold, ( Son to Godwyne , Earl of Ron!) afterwards King : But having ſpoken of him at large under the title of his CUelt ©aruit Earldom, I ſhall not need to {ay any more in this place.
—_—_ —— — — —
OC CO n—_— EO
The Earles of Oxon, Gloceſter ; Hereford, Somerſet, and Berks.
F theſe Countics Swaxe, Eldeſt Son to () Godwyne, Earl of [Rent *. was Earl] : Conccrning whom, our Hiſtorians do re-
ort , as followeth, wiz. That being baniſhed out of England, in A». 1044. he went there- upon to Buldwyn, Earlof Fi:nuers, who Win- tred that year at DWNES 1 But about two years after (by the mcdiation of his Father) was again © reſtored. ; | The next mention, of him, that I mcet with,
is his inveigling 4 of Eggiv:, Abbeſs of Leo min'ter, with intent to marry her, had not the King, . and ſome of his Nobles, prevented/ it 3 for which he © quitted Enulatid, and went in- to Deumar': : But not long after he returned with Eight Ships;* pretending that he would be very faithtul to the King, Earl B-orze, his Kinſ- man, (Son to the King of Qu amark ) promiſing him to mediate, that he might be reſtored to his Earldom. Shortly after which, he came f to J>cventey in Suffer, and intreated his Colin Beorne, to go with him to Danawich . as he had my to make his peace with the King who lulgecting no harm, took with him only three-pertons to attend him : Byt this treacherous wane, haying him in his power, carricd 8® him to- VBoleniam, where his Ships lay 3 and thence on * Shipboard ( putting him in Bonds ) unto OOr, where he molt inhumanely murthered him i, and calt his body into a deep Ditch. cover- ing it with Earth. Whence he fled co Fian- ders with two Ships, and there continued un- til Aldred , Biſhop ot CCiO2Ceſter , obtaining, his pardon * trom the King , brought him back
into England again. *
Howbeit, after this he joyned with Earl God- wyne his Father, _ in that | InſurreCtion of his, which he raiſcd in Av. 1051. (as in my Dil-
courſe of him I have ſhewed) at which time he' had the guard of a Town in ereto!Dſhire ,
then fortified by his ſaid Father 3 and for that fact fled ® with him into #landers. Whence, to expiate that wicked Murther formerly by him committed upon Beorne, his Kinſman, (as hath becn ſaid) he went "Hare footed on penance to Jeruialem ; in which journey he got ſo much cold, that he died ® thereof at Littu, in his re- curn.
To conclude, Take here his Character . by William oof Ja\msbury ?, viz. He was a Man of a perverſe diſpoſition , unfaithful to the King; Ofttimes he went from his Father, and Brother Hzrol4 , and exerciling Piracy, did much blemiſh the glory of his Anceſtors with Maritime Rob- beries.
He married 9 Fxdith , Daughter to Baldwyn, Earl of F{anbers, as H. Knighton faith» (but other Authors ſay ſhe was Wife to Earl Toft: his Brother) by whom he had iſſue, Hacun z who, with Wolxoth his Uncle , were ſent into J20}-
mandy as Hoſtages ”, upon the Reſtoration of
Godrryne, Earl of 4Aent, from his baniſhment.
+ Earlsof Weſt Saxons,
| Hat Godwyne, Ear] of Rent, had this
K . ._ Earldom * of the TUeſt Darons alſo,
I have already taken notice 3 where 1
ſpake of his death, in my Diſcomrſe of him, as
Earl of ent 2 As alſo, that Harold, his ſecond Son, had it then beſtowed upon him by Kin Edward the Confeſſor, whereupon he quitte
the Earldom of Wfffes (as I have already ſhew-
ed.) It now remains that I ay ſomethi
Ot his raiſing the Eaſt Sarons , Eaſt Angles, with the Power of Puntendon and Cambudgſhires, in aid of his Father, Earl Godwyne, "upon. that bold Inſurre&tion by him made in Az. 1051. or of his flight into Jre- land, and return thence 3 whereupon, he again, joyned with his Father in thoſe his Rebellious practiſes (whercof, in the life of that Earl, un- der the title of Rent, I have ſpoke) I need not
| | ng of this Harold, as Earl of the TTlIelt Sarons.
[
I W. Malmb, tol.45 b. 0.
m Ibid.f.46 2.
An, 1053,
*# $. Dune. col.1$6. n. 60.
s YH. Knich. ton, col. 333-020,
p Fol, 46 b,
q H. Knigh. toh, col,2331, n. 50+,
r R, Hoved,
fol. 257 a. n, FO,
4 Regnum Weſt Sax. continebat Comiratus
WwT, $Sone thampr, Wilte®: Berks, Somerſet, Dem, & (cre x«xb. Jorval. coL $01 .
to ſay any more in this place 3 I ſhall therefore *
deſcend to his own particular Adtions. _
Upon the baniſhment Þ of Algar, Earl of Cheliter , whereupon he firſt got © into Jre- land 3. after with Eighteen Ships, as a Pyrate,
Ljoyned 9 with Griffiz, Prince of (WUales 3 then
invaded Derefo2d(hire; and burnt © the Cathe- dral of that City : The, tidings thereof being brought to King Edward, then at Gloceſter, he forthwith raiſed f an Army, and made this Harold General 8 thereof z who thereupon ſud- denly advanccd againſt them, and pitching Þ® his Tents at Snaudune in JNo2th Wales, territied Algar, and Prince Griffin, that they ſoon betook themſelves to flight i, Whereupon Hs- rold marching(to Dereto2d * , fortified it with a deep and large Rampire , and | Gates. But at length, by means of ſome, "who did then mediate, there was a Peace } concluded betwixt thoſe great Perſons. |
£ | : Affter
An. 1 05 L '( c ) Matth. |
s yn
1151id. n.30-*
TT FF MM _ 47 Y
= a - = 4a .-
55"
gel. 2.
m_—
ante-Conq. Norw.
OF ENGLAND:
An. 1089. Affer this, viz. in An. 1059. all things being m / M. a in a quiet condition, this Earl Harold came *,
- will. to his Lordſhip of Boleham in Suſſex (near * (fs: b the Sea Coaſt) where ſo it hapned", that put-
ting out to Sea to ſolace himſelf in a Fiſher- Boat, a ſudden Tempeſt aroſe, and drove the Boat to the Coaſt of JPonthieu in France 3 where being forced on ſhore, he was made Pri- | ſoner ® by the Inhabitants of thoſe parts, upon ſuſpition, that he came thither as a Spy-.. Seeing himſelf therefore in this condition, h@triouſly pondered in his mind, how he might obtain his liberty z and ſoon reſolving, diſpatched ? away a Meſſenger (with promiſe of good reward) un= | to Duke William of J202mandy , to let hirtg know, that he was privately ſent over from Kyi Edward, to reveal unto him ſome great ; but being then detained Priſoner by the Earl of Ponthicu, could not come to do his errandfÞ Whereupon, by command 4 from Duke William, (being ſoon ſet at liberty) he came * into J202- |- manwp , and after moſt honorable * reception there, was taken * with him, in that his Mili- tary expedition , then made into Baitaynp 3 wherein he gave ſuch fignal teſtimonies ® of his Prudence and Valor, as made the Duke not a little in love * with him. Harold therefore diſcern- Þ- ing how his ſubtile inſinuations had alrecy +” wrought z that he might heighten the Dukes eſtimation towards him the more , offered'y; that by a fokemm Oath, he would deliver into | his power the Caſtle of Dover, ( which was his own right ) and likewiſe the Kingdom of England , after the death of King Edward ; wherefore, for more ſure performance thereof, z Ala, a young Davghter of the Dukes, with a large Portion, was betrothed to him.
Others © relate this ſtory thus, viz. That Earl Godwyne (Father to this Harold) being baniſhed the Kingdom, by reaſon of King Edwards juſt diſpleaſure towards him for his Rebellious practiſes, and not admitted to return without | good ſecurity, for his future peaceable demeanor : Wolnath, one of his younger Sons, and Hacun Son to Sane his eldeſt Son , were delivered up as Hoſtages to the ue » and ſent into JNo02-
mandy, there to be kept by Duke William , Baſtard-Son to Robert, Son of Richard, Brother to Emme, Mother of King Edward. Which Earl, dying not long, after (as IT have elſwhere ſhewed)) this Harold, his Son, came to the King, and be- ſought Þ® him, that he might have leave to go into Nomandy, thence to bring back his Bro- ther and Nephew, who had been made Hoſtages 1.547+ uponthe occaſion before expreſt. To whom the King replied ©, That he would not of bimſelf do it ; nevertheleſs; that he might not ſeem to hinder him, he ſaid," Go whither thou wilt, and try what thow canſt do : But this I know,” that thy aim is no other than to do miſcheif to this Engliſh Nation, to thy own diſhonor , nor am I ignorant , that Duke William will deny thy requeſt, nnleſi be know that it may be much to bis own advantage. .
Hereupon he took ſhipping for the journey, but by reaſon of a Tempeſt , was forced © into the River. Yaia , which- brought him into Pontineu, and there made Priſoner , until by Duke William, unto whom he ſent a Meſſenger, tht acquainted him with his misfortune, he was
elivered. _.
Being thus come into No2mandy, the Duke entertained © him yery honorably, him with
—_—_—_— f
+3 tha ,
f .. Wil,
: & Malmsb, a ut ſupra,?
b,
{Rad, de Di- ceto, col, 481, yn, 20,
An. 1059. « S. Dunelm, gol, 195+
$ _ Rad. de c\ Diceto,
e Ibid,
Ibid,
|
.| Narrative to the King, /of what he had done.
y j<01. y48.
H. Hunt,
| Tofti his elder Brother (then preſent, and Earl of % _ Northumberland,) he pulled Harold by the
any r:aſonable thing of me, but 1 will grant it.
' Griffin, prevented his finiſhing thereof, by ſlaugh--
this deadly feud betwixt theſe moſt pernicious
all reſpect for many days 3 and at length opcning his mind to him , ſaid, That King Edward, when be was a young man, and reſided with bim in J20;- mandy, did sfſire bim upon bis Faith, 1 bat if ever be came to the Crown of England, be wonld tr115fer the inheritance thereof to bim. And thereupon ſaid to Harold, If thox will be faithful to me b:rety, and de- liver unto me the Caſtle of £D0Ver (Clavis & Re- pagulum totius Regni f, ) with the Well of Water there z as alſo ſend thy Sifter over unto me to be married by one of my Nobles, and moreover promiſe to take my Daughter to be thy own Wife : I will forth with rejtere nhto thee thy Nepbery (Hacun) and when I come to be King of England, thox (halt have thy Bros ther (Wolnoth) ſafely given into thy bands /: And in caſe I ſhall bappen to be eftabliſhed in that King- dom by thy belp, 1 promiſe, that thou ſhalt not ak
fMar, Paris,
Harold therefore conſidering in what peril he then ſtood, and knowing not how/to get himſclf out of the hands of Duke Wiliam, conſented : Whereupon the Duke brought beture him the Relicks of Saints, and cauſed him to {wear upon them, to make performance accordingly.
All which being effected, Harold returning in- to Englund with his Nephew, and making a
The King replied 5 thus, Did not I tell thee, that I knew Duke William ſufficiently ; and that by this thy journey, much miſcheif would come to this t(mg- dom. By this attion of thine, many calamities will befal this Nation ;, /which I pray Ged may not happen in my days, —( Thus far Sim. Dunelm.,)
After this, ſcil. in An. 1063. Griffin, Prince of Av. 1063, CUales, making divers miſcheivous excurſions upon the bordering Engliſh, Harold was ſent b with an / Army againſt him. Whereupon he #M. Weltm. retreated 3 with his Forces, and betook himſelf | ,- unto the Woods and Mountainous parts of the {A toputph, Countrey 3 ſo that the Engliſh, in regard their , < opt oh % Armor was heayy, could not readily purſue them. 'f | But this impediment being diſcerned by Harold, }*. he forthwith commanded * his Soldiers to make uſe of light Armor z which ſo aſtoniſhed the Welſh, that Griffin being forced to flee ! to Sea for his ſafeguard, they oftered Hoſiages ® , in caſe they might have Protection, to become tributary to King Edward : And to manifeſt their reality therein, they ſlew * Griffin, within a ſhort time fter, and ſent ® his Head to Earl Harold, who orthwith conveyed ? it to the King, ſubſtituting q another Prince of TUALeS in his ſtead.
This is all that I have ſeen of his aQings in An. 1044. Wales, other than his beginning of a noble
ſtructure * at Potaſeith, 'that the King might Sta
£ Ibid,
\" IF ";
be the better accommodated wheri he came to {5 5.1 wn hunt. in thoſe parts 3 but Cradec, the Son of n+. ter of moſt of the Workmen, and taking * away all the Materials. SET in
In this year it fo hapned ®, that the King be- . An. 1065, ing at (UtnDſo2e , Harold. ſhewed himſelf fo * Jun familiar with him, as to drink to him in a Cup of Wine : Which boldneſs ſeeming diſtaſiful to
Hair of the Head'z whereupon a ſcuffle began, which many by-ſtanders did endeavor to foment 3 but the Ties made only this obſervation * on it, viz. That the juſt wrath of God did produce
Brothers > for notorious 7 it was, That all the D 2 Sons
—_ a> - RS
THE BARONAGE
| | '
Sons of that Jate Trayterous Earl Godwyne were ſo tranſcendently wicked 3 that it they ſaw any comely Scat, thcy would murther.the owner of it in the night times and deſtroying his Chil-
dren, poſſeſs themſelves of it : Yet fo ſubtile were they in their Flatteries *, with the well- meaning King 3 that, by abuſing his innocency, aftcr they had perpetrated the greateſt villanics, they made themſelves the cheit Rulers and Diſ- poſers of all things in the Kingdom.
Others report * this ſcuMe betwixt Harold, and his Brother Teſti, thus, viz. That they being jelting with one another in the preſence of the King, Harold fell trom jeſting to lug his Brother by the Hair, and throw him on the ground and that had he not been prevented, he would have ſtrangled him with his hands. Whereupon, the King taking notice of the paſſage, ſaid, 7 hat there would be very great feud betwixt them hereafter, and that one of them ſhould be the deſtruction of the other,
That which now remains to be faid of this Earl, is, is getting of the Crown, which his am- bitious thoughts had long aimed at : The manner whereof was thus Þ.
King Edward departing this life without Iſſue, the great Men of the Land grew not a little doubtful, whom they ſhould ſet up to be King : Some of them inclining to William, , Duke of J2o2mandy, (whom King Edward had deſign- ned, as was faid 3 ) ſome to this Earl Harold others to Edzar-Ethelins , Grandſon to the late King E4mrnnd Ironſide (who was, in truth,' the rightful Heir, but then young :) But Harold be- ing a crafty man, conſidering the dahger of de- lay, upon the very Feſtival of the Epiphany, on which King Edward was buricd, extorting Feal- ty from the Nobles , ſet the Crown upor- his own Head : Whereof his Brother Toſtz ( who ſufficiently hated him) having notice, he failed preſently out of Flanders ( where he was at that time) with no lefs then Forty Ships z and coming into Scotland , where he rnet Harold Harfager, King of F201way, made a compact with him, and invaded England, with defign
to conquer his Brother Harold : Which being |
made known unto Harold , he raiſed Hl the power he ſuddenly could 3 and marching North- wards to oppoſe them, at © StaAnfo!Þ Bridge in Po2kſhire (which is over the River Oarwent ) after a ſharp conflict (wherein his Brother Tof#z, and the King of J202way were both Nain) be- came. abſolute Victor : But moſt avariciouſly converting all the Booty and Spoils of the Field *to his own ſole beneht, ſo diſcontented - his Sol- dicrs, that they unanimouſly forſook him, and diſperſt themſelves. . Nevertheleſs, 4 fo highly was he clated with this great ſucceſs 3 that not at all regarding his Oath made to Wilkam, Duke of $202manvy 3 partly-for , that the young Daughter of that Duke, to whom he had been {o afhanced (as hath bcen ſaid) was dead; and partly conſidering, that Duke William was at that time embroiled in ſome Military diſputes with his Neighbors of B21tanny, he fleighted thoſe fair overtures which had been made to him, thinking himſelt ſecure enough : And to juſtihe himſelf therein the more, alledged, That the Oath which he had made to the Duke, being in time of ne- city, was not to be kept ; as alſo, that the Kingdom, whilcſt King Eaward lived, could not without his privity be diſpoſed of to any, But
- 0
Duke Wiliam was © of another mind 3 for no i ſooner did he hear, that Haro!d had thiis made
4himfedlF King, but that he ſent f Anibafladors hi-
ther to put him in mind of the breach of his ; Faith, and not without ſome threatning intima- * tions of his farther purpoſe. Whereunto Harold made reply ®, That, in truth, h: was of neceſſity compelled, when be betrotbed his Danghter in J291- mandp.,# mke that Oath of delrvering this Kinggomt of England #0 him ; but ntterly denied that 4 compnlſory Oath tw45 at all to be kept. Adding, That if a Vorw or Oath made by a Maid in the Houſe of her Parents, withont their aſſent, be void ,, mmeb more bis, who being under the power of the King, and compelled to take an Oath without the Kings privity, Moreover he alleadged ®, That it muſt be beld tao mach preſumption to alichate the Inheritance of 4 Kingdom, without a general conſerit of the peo ple, and that it was a moſt wn requeſt, that be ſhould quit the Kirgdom, which be bad undertaken 10
| govern with ſo much ſavor of the greateſt perſons
therein.
But the Duke, when he heard of theſe Allega» tions, was not a little enraged 3 and therefore aving obtained i the approbation of Pope Alex- ander, to countenance his intended expeditiofi | for England $; prepared ,confiderable Forces , with which he put * to Sca from the Port of S: Qaleriesz and landing at Jaeveniey, near Daſtings in Suſfex, did ſoon after put ! that diſpute to the decifion of the Sword by a bloody Battle, the Circumſtances whereof are at large related by . our Hiſtorians 3 wherein Harold, though fighting moſt courageouſly , and with great reſolution loſt his life. After which, his Body ® was delivered, by the Conquerors ap- pointment, to Wiliam Malet, to be Interred up+ on the Sea-ſhore (near at hand) but being begged by his Mother, was buried in the Abbey of TUal- tram in Cflex , which he had Founded ®,
| Whence it is ſaid, he marching to this Battle, and $
making his Orifons ® to the Holy Croft (wheres unto that Church was dedicated) the Croff at his ? departure, as a farewel to him, did bend, P it ſelt, and ever after continued in that leaning poſture. | The Lands which this Earl Harold poſſeſſed in King Edward the Confeſfors time, were very great in divers Counties, as appears by the Con- querors Szrvey 4; viz. Flaneburg, Cattune, C oningesburyg, with divers Hamlets thereto belonging, and Cietune, with many Hamlets alſo pertaining thereto in Pozkſhire 3 . Coit- tone, Yelcheſhatn, Bzomham, Nigraure, Colingebiitne, Cilletone, Clive, che: burne, Lochintone, Punlavintone, Bere: fozd, and Botefelde, in Wfitſhire ; Wel- come, Beincome, Pidere, and Alfo2d in Doxlſetfhire; Oolvertune, Clive, Metei- cumbe, Capfntone , Longefo2d,- Nozt- Curt, Tungresbery, Þellerige, Lolig-
tone, B2anwelle, and P2eſtitone, in S8- |. merſe
ire -3 Egtaſtone-, IYaltone, and Egleſhos, in Coznwal ; WB2adeſtone , To2etone, Taveſtscke, Paidewozd, Mol- {and, Yv2ade, Allintone, Topethant , oztone, Cofetone, Pamiflone, Spice- wite, IAimetone, Uluredintone, Framin: tone, Donſitone, and Þerltcozne, in De- vonſhire > Weſtune in Shyopſhire ; Ben- ftet, CUlitham, Hadfeld, Pavering, Stan- wege, Ultelmeſtune, Phingere, Waitele, SEE \Batetilefde,
E. of Weſt Sax,
| ane Cong rm. © OF ENGLAND | a
Folge __ Neupozt, Bayer (and of the Danes, called Waldemar ) King of
ng, Phernige on ny oa Cal: | | the Reſins : By whom he had a Daughter, who 2k, in Eſlex » Arclet, and Staninges, | | was Mother to Waldemar, King of £/enmark, in Rent 3 Croheſt, Watlingtone, Ceit: | from whom the Daniſh Kings, tor divers ag,cs ones Bipe Logele, Cate, etl, Ince: after, have proceeded.
4 Derentune - torr _— ; Fin- The ſecond Wife of Harold, was Alditha (or
Pn Cilteto C P21 fioideſtone 9 by ſome Algytha* ) Daughter of Algar, Earl ot * -k_ Here Burtardelcote , and Clivoze, in Berk- | | Yerctta , and Widow ® of Grifir , Prince of « \ fat 257 b,"
_ CUimondeſlay, iz, Weley, UWal- Wales, PIO » Wavedene, Deneſlay, Dffelay, net ya Delmere fe Suenedozie, Opetone| | | - MP ng. artfo2Dthire 3 ery 1.0 bb in Suckinghamſhire : . al. Earls of Fe TOPIN
weſtan, Campedene 2 WÞ2tmsteld , br () ghis County the firſt Earl, of whom 1 ,,, 1056,
deny ee in Oloucerſhire 3 Inte- have found mention, is, Totti, who was
in Worceſterſhire ; Merchelay , '#f a Daniſh extraction. There/ is this
Cl e, Afcis, Elwiſton, Bateurdin, Der” * onely memorable of him ; that upon the return » j,,,,. c
deſlege, Cicwrdine, Ultelmeſtune, of that famous Siward ( afterwards Earl of 4. | vingeurdin, Panknetune, Burarveſfine If No2thumberland ) from King, / Edward the HÞHergeſth, ay CThingtune, R Confeſſors Court , by whom he had been very , Etune, D Liedeberge yer honorably received meeting with this Earl Toit: _ tune, Dantune, ERen: la upon a Bridge, he was baſely affrontcd by bim ; ege, Widferdefiu Conn, Oye Toſti throwing dirt at him with his fcct : For moons A Sbech, ene , DER which 7; though he did not at that time
Siertune , B2ocheurdy , Jeneb life up his hand againſt him, meeting him aftcr- Stratko d, CBE. " Dodintune 5 nor. wards in the ſame place, he cut off his head. and
lege, Ag br 5, carried it to the King / Who having, heard the Dateurnt ln, ond CurdeNlege, :
truth of the whole paſſage, gave unto Siward _ I. deley, Perotoue, Gomer this his Earldom of Humtingbon, ne Siede, Wericlep, Furry; © { © Butof this Simard, as Earl of this County, 1 po; lt By Furry: ; DDl-| | need not to ſpeak farther here, having diſcourſed LEN. nr Si Dalelep, B10 | | at largeof him under he title of Nozthumber- No de; D (cel cefie, « Lp land.
a Affer which Siward, the next Earl of this
ojto oat Po efozt jan | Cercel ur
ef02D ie ig County, was Harold, Son to Earl Godwyxe ; {© 5 F
al was he alſo of Cfler, Caft Angles, or ny. Eh lare m—_ Suatham, in Nottolk - folk; and | CHLNLIDTEr but having ſpoke b) im as Earl of the aronsg, 1 thall (a in Leiceite LETg i) Ds OG no more of him in this place. : : dn- SErnope ve | Ex ewe, "Fulnodev, « nd Carletune, i in| | — _ — A ncolnſhire. { All that I have farther ſeen of him, is, That Earls of H er ef ord, oy e Ex Regiſt.de he gave *© the Lordſhip of Cliftone in Com... .
. F this County, Rapbe, Son to Walter de 59% * to thgMonks of Peterb ; and had ewo Maunt, by Goda, Siſter to King Edward Wives : What the firſt of them em was, Js cannot the Confeſſor, was Earl in the (ame King ſay by 6s Gans he had three Sons, Godwyne , | | Edxerds time 3 of whom, I find only theſe par- Ife. , of Godwyne and pays ticulars viz. * That in the year 1051. «Rog, Fioved, fl 55ts, 6. I SP this mention ®, vis. That in the he raiſed what Forces he could-in this County, fol 253 a,
2068. (which was he wenn Kin and joyned with Leafric, Earl of Wercta 7." An. 1068, he Conquerors Reign Sq Sar a Siward Earl of Nozthumberlaud, agaialt Favs es out of Ireland. ah TT in Som a wyne Earl of Rent, then Rebelliouſly in Arms ire; and that one Eadnoth , who had been | | again King Edward the Confeſſor. Conſtable to King Harold, encountred them with After this, he, together with Earl 0d» (both an Army , but was there ſlain : Affter _ Kinſinca to that King) was made Þ 'Admiral of bw.watm Victory His: marched into JDEbonMire. ans aboye Fifty Ships, which were ſent againſt He- {5 + 5.19, Coznwal, made great ſpoil there, w_ got fate | | rold, and thoſe other his Complices, that then in- again into Jreland with no (mall boot felted the Coalts with Piracics. And Ig this, Thar being pilouer in Byt in the year 1055. when Migar, "Earl $8 e bid, fot, JJ00manyy, with D Son to Malcolme, | | trtia, who.was baniſhed ©, and joyning 4 with C1644, fol, *644.0.59%20 King of Scots, bro Eldeſt to King Walliane Griff, Prince of (Wlales , "entred Herefond- - 4 256 > 8 the Conqueror , upon the a of his Father, | | ſhire with an Army: This Earl Kapbe, having 7:54 b. returning into J20zmandy, ſer them-botkh at | | raiſed what power he could to oppoſe them 3 WY liberty, and honored them 'with the dignty of | | commanding *© the Engliſh to fight on Horsback, n Knighthobd* contrary to their uſual courſe, «when he ſhould x Capgravein He had alſo two Dungeons, viz, Gmhild ®, | | have made the Onſet 3 he was the firft, who with wok S. Wol.- who falling blind by a dangerous infirmity, was j | the French and Normans, ran f away,which cauſed
reſtored to her ſight by « Wolfian, Bilbop of of | | the totalloG of that Battle: By means whereof,
Tloxceſter, the City of Derefa2D, and the whole Countrey » Sax Gra. The other * ( whoſe Chriſtian name is not thereabouts were ec 8 to the mercy of thoſe
ed | -92ma.l1. mentioned) being brought into Denmark by | | Rebels, - This cg ys the Nineth Calends of ._ _ twoof © her Brethren, was